Hernández-Blanquel Jorge, Yunes-Díaz Elsa, Sánchez-Domínguez Mario
Hospital del Niño Morelense, Departamento de Infectología. Emiliano Zapata, Morelos, México.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2023 Jul 31;61(4):449-456. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.8200290.
The World Health Organization (WHO) reports an increasing unjustified use of antibiotics in the treatment of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) and Acute Diarrheal Diseases (ADD) in children under five years of age. This has generated problems such as polypharmacy and the inappropriate use of antibiotics; characterized by incorrect dosage, use in viral infections, prescription inconsistent with clinical guidelines.
To analyze the prescription of antibiotics, their diagnostic-therapeutic congruence, as well as the correct filling of the medical prescription, in a tertiary level hospital in Mexico.
Observational, descriptive cross-sectional study. The electronic medical prescriptions made during the period January-December 2017 with a clinical diagnosis of ARI and EDA were analyzed.
Of a total of 21,446 boys and girls under five years of age, 10,233 prescriptions were issued for the treatment of ARI and ADD diagnoses. 80% of the prescriptions complied with the items indicated in the electronic file.
The prescription of antibiotics showed a prudent use of antibiotics both in the management of acute diarrheal diseases and in the management of acute respiratory diseases. Diagnostic-therapeutic congruence was found in most of the cases in the prescriptions analyzed.
世界卫生组织（WHO）报告称，五岁以下儿童在治疗急性呼吸道感染（ARI）和急性腹泻病（ADD）时不合理使用抗生素的情况日益增加。这引发了诸如多药联用和抗生素使用不当等问题；其特征包括剂量不正确、在病毒感染中使用、处方与临床指南不一致。
分析墨西哥一家三级医院抗生素的处方情况、其诊断 - 治疗的一致性以及医疗处方的正确填写情况。
观察性、描述性横断面研究。分析了2017年1月至12月期间临床诊断为ARI和EDA的电子医疗处方。
在总共21446名五岁以下儿童中，开出了10233份用于治疗ARI和ADD诊断的处方。80%的处方符合电子文件中规定的项目。
抗生素处方显示在急性腹泻病管理和急性呼吸道疾病管理中对抗生素的使用较为谨慎。在所分析的处方中，大多数病例的诊断 - 治疗具有一致性。
