Kirsten-Siemß J-N, Fitzek F, Schubert C, Rasel E M, Gaaloul N, Hammerer K
Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Appelstraße 2, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Quantenoptik, Welfengarten 1, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett. 2023 Jul 21;131(3):033602. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.033602.
Large-momentum-transfer (LMT) atom interferometers using elastic Bragg scattering on light waves are among the most precise quantum sensors to date. To advance their accuracy from the mrad to the μrad regime, it is necessary to understand the rich phenomenology of the Bragg interferometer, which differs significantly from that of a standard two-mode interferometer. We develop an analytic model for the interferometer signal and demonstrate its accuracy using comprehensive numerical simulations. Our analytic treatment allows the determination of the atomic projection noise limit of a LMT Bragg interferometer and provides the means to saturate this limit. It affords accurate knowledge of the systematic phase errors as well as their suppression by 2 orders of magnitude down to a few μrad using appropriate light-pulse parameters.
利用光波上的弹性布拉格散射的大动量传递（LMT）原子干涉仪是迄今为止最精确的量子传感器之一。为了将其精度从毫弧度提高到微弧度范围，有必要了解布拉格干涉仪丰富的现象学，这与标准双模干涉仪有显著不同。我们为干涉仪信号开发了一个解析模型，并通过全面的数值模拟证明了其准确性。我们的解析处理能够确定LMT布拉格干涉仪的原子投影噪声极限，并提供达到该极限的方法。它能准确了解系统相位误差，并通过使用适当的光脉冲参数将其抑制2个数量级，降至几微弧度。
