Northwest A&F University, College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
Northwest A&F University, College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Sep 30;249:126115. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126115. Epub 2023 Aug 2.
Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the morphology, granule size, fine structure, thermal properties, and pasting properties of starch from a waxy (139) and a non-waxy (297) varieties of proso millet grown in Yulin (YY) and Yangling (YL). Compared with the starches from the two varieties grown in YY, the starches from the two varieties grown in YL exhibited higher relative crystallinities, 1045/1022 cm ratio, and amounts of amylopectin long branch chains (AP) but lower 1022/995 cm ratio, amounts of amylopectin short branch chains (APs), and APs/AP ratios. Starches from YL also synthesized long branch-chain amylopectin to enhance intermolecular interactions and form a stable granular structure, which resulted in increased starch gelatinization temperature, enhanced shear resistance, and reduced setback viscosity. Starch from the waxy (139) variety has good application prospects in the food industry because of its high gelatinization temperature and light transmittance and low setback value, which can be ascribed to its extremely low amylose content, polydispersity index, high molecular weight, and dispersed molecular density. It may serve as a reference for applying proso millet starches in the food industry and developing breeding programs to improve starch quality.
田间试验研究了榆林（YY）和杨凌（YL）种植的糯性（139）和非糯性（297）黍稷淀粉的形貌、粒度、精细结构、热性能和糊化特性。与在 YY 种植的两个品种的淀粉相比，在 YL 种植的两个品种的淀粉表现出更高的相对结晶度、1045/1022cm-1 比值和支链淀粉长链（AP）含量，但 1022/995cm-1 比值、支链淀粉短链（APs）含量和 APs/AP 比值较低。YL 淀粉还合成了长支链淀粉，以增强分子间相互作用并形成稳定的颗粒结构，从而提高了淀粉的胶凝温度、增强了抗剪切能力、降低了回生值。由于糯性（139）品种的直链淀粉含量低、多分散性指数高、分子量高、分散分子密度高，其糊化温度高、透光率高、回生值低，具有良好的食品工业应用前景。该研究结果可为黍稷淀粉在食品工业中的应用和改良淀粉品质的育种计划提供参考。
