Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta 14440, Indonesia.
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta 14440, Indonesia.
J Appl Microbiol. 2023 Aug 1;134(8). doi: 10.1093/jambio/lxad171.
Various epidemiology studies have reported the emergence of Staphylococcus aureus and its methicillin resistance strain causing global health concerns, especially during and post-COVID-19 pandemic. This pathogen presents as a co-infection in patients with COVID-19. In addition, certain virulence factors and resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, including cefotaxime, have been identified. We aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of Lagerstreomia speciosa, a medicinal plant with antidiabetic activity, against S. aureus, including the strain resistant to methicillin. Furthermore, we examined whether the extract and one of its bioactive compounds, corosolic acid, can enhance the therapeutic effect of cefotaxime on antibiotic-resistant S. aureus.
The minimum inhibitory concentration of each substance was determined using the standard broth microdilution test following the checkerboard dilution. The type of interactions, synergistic, additivity, indifference, or antagonism, were determined using isobolograms analysis and the dose reduction index (DRI). The evaluation of synergy and bactericidal activity of the natural products in combination with cefotaxime was performed using the time-kill kinetic assay. Corosolic acid, L. speciosa leaves extract, and bark extract alone showed antibacterial activity against all tested S. aureus ATCC 33591, S. aureus ATCC 29213, S. aureus ATCC 25923, and clinical isolated S. aureus. Corosolic acid enhanced the antibacterial activity of cefotaxime, showing a synergistic effect and greater DRI of cefotaxime against all tested S. aureus strains. Time-kill kinetic assay showed that corosolic acid has a more profound effect than L. speciosa extracts to potentiate the bactericidal activity of cefotaxime. Whereas L. speciosa leaves and bark extract showed some inhibitory effect on the growth of S. aureus after a single administration.
Lagerstreomia speciosa leaves and bark extract and its active compound, corosolic acid, could be used as a potential anti-Staphylococcus aureus treatment to enhance the therapeutic use of cefotaxime.
多项流行病学研究报告了金黄色葡萄球菌及其耐甲氧西林菌株的出现，这对全球健康构成了威胁，尤其是在 COVID-19 大流行期间和之后。这种病原体是 COVID-19 患者的合并感染。此外，已经确定了某些毒力因子和对β-内酰胺类抗生素（包括头孢噻肟）的耐药性。我们旨在研究具有抗糖尿病活性的药用植物 Lagerstreomia speciosa 的抗菌活性，以对抗金黄色葡萄球菌，包括耐甲氧西林的菌株。此外，我们还研究了提取物及其生物活性化合物之一，即熊果酸是否可以增强头孢噻肟对耐抗生素金黄色葡萄球菌的治疗效果。
使用标准肉汤微量稀释试验通过棋盘稀释法确定每种物质的最低抑菌浓度。使用等对曲线分析和剂量减少指数（DRI）确定相互作用的类型，协同、相加、无关、拮抗。使用时间杀伤动力学试验评估天然产物与头孢噻肟联合使用的协同作用和杀菌活性。熊果酸、L. speciosa 叶提取物和树皮提取物单独对所有测试的金黄色葡萄球菌 ATCC 33591、金黄色葡萄球菌 ATCC 29213、金黄色葡萄球菌 ATCC 25923 和临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌均具有抗菌活性。熊果酸增强了头孢噻肟的抗菌活性，表现出协同作用，并且对所有测试的金黄色葡萄球菌菌株的头孢噻肟 DRI 更大。时间杀伤动力学试验表明，熊果酸比 L. speciosa 提取物更能增强头孢噻肟的杀菌活性。而 L. speciosa 叶和树皮提取物在单次给药后对金黄色葡萄球菌的生长表现出一定的抑制作用。
Lagerstreomia speciosa 叶和树皮提取物及其活性化合物熊果酸可作为潜在的抗金黄色葡萄球菌治疗方法，以增强头孢噻肟的治疗用途。
