Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 2A, Poznań, 60-806, Poland.
Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, Poznań, 60-572, Poland.
BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Aug 4;23(1):561. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-05056-5.
Severe mental disorders, including affective disorders (AD), are associated with high rates of physical illnesses that lead to premature patient death. Excess somatic comorbidity may be partially explained by lifestyle factors. This study aimed to investigate the health behaviours (HBs) of patients with AD in comparison to the HBs of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and healthy controls (HCs) and to examine associations among HBs and sociodemographic and clinical factors, subjective quality of life and health status, and health locus of control.
The sample consisted of 108 patients with AD, including 60 with bipolar disorder (BP) and 48 with unipolar disorder (UAD). Analyses included comparisons with a subgroup of AD individuals, patients with T2D and HCs matched in age and sex. The Health Behaviour Inventory was used to evaluate the overall levels of HBs and 4 HB categories. To identify independent determinants of health behaviours, a multivariate linear regression analysis was performed with factors identified as significant in bivariate analyses.
Most AD patients had a low level of HBs (40%), followed by moderate (35%) and high levels (25%), and there were no significant differences in HBs between the BP and UAD groups. Compared with the T2D and HC groups, the AD group had a significantly lower level of overall HBs and lower levels of HBs in one of the categories. Independent predictors of overall HBs were quality of life (β = 0.28, p < 0.001), age (β = 0.27, p = 0.002), and depressive symptoms (β = 0.23, p = 0.008). A total of 30% of the variance in HBs was explained.
These findings emphasise the need for a systematic assessment of single and multiple health behaviours to provide better care for patients with AD and reduce the potential adverse effects of an unhealthy lifestyle.
严重的精神障碍，包括情感障碍（AD），与导致患者过早死亡的高比例躯体疾病有关。过多的躯体共病部分可以用生活方式因素来解释。本研究旨在调查 AD 患者的健康行为（HBs）与 2 型糖尿病（T2D）患者和健康对照（HCs）的 HBs 进行比较，并探讨 HBs 与社会人口学和临床因素、主观生活质量和健康状况以及健康控制源之间的关系。
该样本包括 108 例 AD 患者，其中 60 例为双相障碍（BP）患者，48 例为单相障碍（UAD）患者。分析包括与 AD 个体的亚组、T2D 患者和年龄和性别匹配的 HCs 进行比较。使用健康行为量表评估 HBs 整体水平和 4 个 HBs 类别。为了确定健康行为的独立决定因素，采用多元线性回归分析，对双变量分析中确定的因素进行分析。
大多数 AD 患者的 HBs 水平较低（40%），其次是中等（35%）和较高（25%），BP 和 UAD 组之间的 HBs 水平没有显著差异。与 T2D 和 HC 组相比，AD 组的 HBs 整体水平和一个类别中的 HBs 水平明显较低。HBs 整体的独立预测因子是生活质量（β=0.28，p<0.001）、年龄（β=0.27，p=0.002）和抑郁症状（β=0.23，p=0.008）。HBs 的总方差的 30%得到了解释。
这些发现强调了需要系统评估单一和多种健康行为，为 AD 患者提供更好的护理，并减少不健康生活方式的潜在不利影响。
