Ruiz-Bedoya Tatiana, McTavish Kathryn J, Av-Shalom Tamar V, Desveaux Darrell, Guttman David S
Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G5, Canada.
Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G5, Canada; Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B2, Canada.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2023 Oct;75:102430. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102430. Epub 2023 Aug 4.
The field of plant pathology has revealed many of the mechanisms underlying the arms race, providing crucial knowledge and genetic resources for improving plant health. Although the host-microbe interaction seemingly favors rapidly evolving pathogens, it has also generated a vast evolutionary history of largely unexplored plant immunodiversity. We review studies that characterize the scope and distribution of genetic and ecological diversity in model and non-model systems with specific reference to pathogen effector diversity, plant immunodiversity in both cultivated species and their wild relatives, and diversity in the plant-associated microbiota. We show how the study of evolutionary and ecological processes can reveal patterns of genetic convergence, conservation, and diversification, and that this diversity is increasingly tractable in both experimental and translational systems. Perhaps most importantly, these patterns of diversity provide largely untapped resources that can be deployed for the rational engineering of durable resistance for sustainable agriculture.
植物病理学领域已经揭示了军备竞赛背后的许多机制，为改善植物健康提供了关键知识和遗传资源。尽管宿主与微生物的相互作用似乎有利于快速进化的病原体，但它也产生了一段基本上未被探索的植物免疫多样性的漫长进化史。我们回顾了一些研究，这些研究描述了模式系统和非模式系统中遗传和生态多样性的范围及分布，特别提及病原体效应子多样性、栽培物种及其野生近缘种的植物免疫多样性，以及与植物相关的微生物群的多样性。我们展示了对进化和生态过程的研究如何能够揭示遗传趋同、保守和多样化的模式，并且这种多样性在实验系统和转化系统中都越来越易于处理。也许最重要的是，这些多样性模式提供了大量尚未开发的资源，可用于合理设计持久抗性以实现可持续农业。
