Chaudhry Waqar Arif Rasool, Ahmad Binish Ayub, Waqas Muhammad Saad, Khan Junaid Raza, Khan Malik Hasnat Ul Hassan, Khiyam Umer, Malik Jahanzeb
Department of Surgery, Cavan General Hospital, Cavan, Ireland.
Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Curr Probl Cardiol. 2024 Jan;49(1 Pt A):102018. doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102018. Epub 2023 Aug 5.
Altitude-related venous thrombosis (ARVT) is a condition of growing concern among individuals engaged in high-altitude travel and activities. This updated review explores the epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical presentations, and management of ARVT based on a thematic analysis and synthesis of the existing literature. ARVT's multifactorial etiology involves the interplay of hypobaric hypoxia and endothelial dysfunction, creating a procoagulant state and increasing the risk of thrombosis. Common clinical manifestations include pain, swelling, and redness in the extremities, necessitating accurate and timely diagnosis, particularly in remote settings. Thromboprophylaxis during high-altitude travel and activities plays a crucial role in reducing the risk of ARVT, while anticoagulation remains the mainstay of management. Further research is needed to optimize preventive and treatment strategies, enhancing patient outcomes and safety in high-altitude environments.
高原相关静脉血栓形成（ARVT）是一种在从事高原旅行和活动的人群中日益受到关注的病症。本更新综述基于对现有文献的主题分析和综合，探讨了ARVT的流行病学、病理生理机制、临床表现及管理。ARVT的多因素病因涉及低压缺氧与内皮功能障碍的相互作用，形成促凝状态并增加血栓形成风险。常见临床表现包括四肢疼痛、肿胀和发红，这需要准确及时的诊断，尤其是在偏远地区。高原旅行和活动期间的血栓预防在降低ARVT风险方面起着关键作用，而抗凝治疗仍是主要的管理手段。需要进一步研究以优化预防和治疗策略，提高高原环境下患者的治疗效果和安全性。
