Center for Systems and Community Design, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, 55 West 125th Street, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Aug 6;23(1):1495. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-16322-2.
Latinos in the United States (U.S.) represent a heterogeneous minority population disproportionally impacted by obesity. Colombians in the U.S. are routinely combined with other South Americans in most obesity studies. Moreover, most studies among Latino immigrants in the U.S. solely focus on factors in the destination context, which largely ignores the prevalence of obesity and contextual factors in their country of origin, and warrant transnational investigations.
Using 2013-17 data from the New York City Community Health Survey (NYC CHS, U.S.) and the National Survey of the Nutritional Situation (ENSIN, Colombia), Colombians that immigrated to the U.S. and are living in NYC (n = 503) were compared to nonimmigrant Colombians living in their home country (n = 98,829). Prevalence ratios (PR) for obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m) by place of residence were estimated using multivariable logistic regression adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics and daily consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages.
The prevalence of obesity was 49% greater for immigrant Colombians living in NYC when compared to nonimmigrant Colombians living in in their home country (PR = 1.49; 95% CI 1.08, 2.07). Colombian immigrant men in NYC were 72% more likely to have obesity compared to nonimmigrant men living in their home country (PR = 1.72; 95% CI 1.03, 2.87). No significant differences were found in the adjusted models among women.
Colombian immigrants in NYC exhibit a higher prevalence of obesity compared to their nonimmigrant counterparts back home and sex strengthens this relationship. More obesity research is needed to understand the immigration experience of Colombians in the U.S. and the underlying mechanisms for sex difference. Public health action focused on women in Colombia and both Colombian men and women immigrants in the U.S. is warranted to avert the long-term consequences of obesity.
美国的拉丁裔人口是一个多样化的少数群体，他们不成比例地受到肥胖的影响。在美国，哥伦比亚人通常与其他南美人一起被纳入大多数肥胖研究中。此外，在美国的拉丁裔移民中，大多数研究仅关注目的地环境中的因素，这在很大程度上忽略了他们原籍国的肥胖症流行情况和背景因素，因此需要进行跨国调查。
利用美国纽约市社区健康调查（NYC CHS）和全国营养状况调查（ENSIN，哥伦比亚）2013-17 年的数据，比较了移民到美国并居住在纽约市的哥伦比亚人与居住在本国的非移民哥伦比亚人（n=98829）。采用多变量逻辑回归，根据社会人口统计学特征和每日含糖饮料摄入量，调整后使用居住地肥胖（BMI≥30kg/m）的患病率比值（PR）来估计移民哥伦比亚人的肥胖患病率。
与居住在本国的非移民哥伦比亚人相比，居住在纽约市的移民哥伦比亚人的肥胖患病率高出 49%（PR=1.49；95%CI 1.08，2.07）。居住在纽约市的哥伦比亚男性移民患肥胖症的可能性比居住在本国的非移民男性高 72%（PR=1.72；95%CI 1.03，2.87）。在调整后的模型中，女性之间没有发现显著差异。
与居住在本国的非移民哥伦比亚人相比，居住在纽约市的哥伦比亚移民肥胖患病率更高，而性别因素则加强了这种关系。需要进行更多的肥胖症研究，以了解美国哥伦比亚移民的移民经历以及性别差异的潜在机制。有必要针对哥伦比亚国内的女性以及美国的哥伦比亚男性和女性移民采取公共卫生行动，以避免肥胖症带来的长期后果。
