晚期肾癌患者营养不良风险因素的风险调查与分析：一项单中心回顾性研究。
Risk Investigation and Analysis of Risk Factors for Malnutrition in Patients with Advanced Kidney Cancer: A Single-Centre Retrospective Study.
机构信息
Radiotherapy Department, Qingdao Jiaozhou Central Hospital, 266300 Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Oncology Department, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, 266000 Qingdao, Shandong, China.
出版信息
Arch Esp Urol. 2023 Jul;76(5):328-334. doi: 10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20237605.38.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the nutritional status of patients with advanced kidney cancer and analyse the risk factors for malnutrition in such patients.
METHODS
The study selected the clinical data of 103 patients with advanced kidney cancer who were admitted to Qingdao Jiaozhou Central Hospital from February 2020 to February 2022 for a retrospective analysis. The Subjective Global Assessment of Nutrition scale was used to evaluate the nutritional status of all research subjects. Patients' baseline data, such as gender, age and clinical classifications, and laboratory indicators, such as albumin and C-reactive protein (CRP), were collected, and multivariate logistic regression was used to screen the independent risk factors for malnutrition in patients with advanced kidney cancer.
RESULTS
A total of 78 (76.00%) individuals among the 103 patients with advanced kidney cancer had malnutrition. The results of univariate analysis showed marked differences in the age, body mass index (BMI), albumin, haemoglobin, CRP, diabetes, anorexia and family monthly income of patients of the good nutrition and malnutrition groups ( < 0.05). The results of logistic regression showed that age ≥65 years old (odds ratio (OR) = 29.187), albumin <40 g/L (OR = 0.025), haemoglobin <110 g/L (OR = 0.049), the presence of diabetes (OR = 28.138), the presence of anorexia (OR = 98.739), BMI <18.5 kg/m (OR = 0.024) and CRP <3 mg/L (OR = 24.819) were independent influencing factors of malnutrition in the patients with advanced kidney cancer (all < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of malnutrition in patients with advanced kidney cancer is relatively high. Therefore, the understanding of malnutrition in such patients in clinical work must be fortified, and attention should be paid to screening the above risk factors and implementing active measures in nutrition therapy to reduce the risk of malnutrition in patients with advanced kidney cancer and prolong their survival time.
目的
调查晚期肾癌患者的营养状况，并分析晚期肾癌患者营养不良的危险因素。
方法
回顾性分析 2020 年 2 月至 2022 年 2 月期间在青岛胶州中心医院就诊的 103 例晚期肾癌患者的临床资料。采用主观全面评估营养量表（Subjective Global Assessment of Nutrition Scale，SGA）评估所有研究对象的营养状况。收集患者的性别、年龄和临床分类等基线资料以及白蛋白和 C 反应蛋白（C-reactive protein，CRP）等实验室指标，采用多因素 logistic 回归分析筛选晚期肾癌患者营养不良的独立危险因素。
结果
103 例晚期肾癌患者中共有 78 例（76.00%）存在营养不良。单因素分析结果显示，营养良好组和营养不良组患者的年龄、体质量指数（body mass index，BMI）、白蛋白、血红蛋白、CRP、糖尿病、厌食及家庭月收入比较，差异均有统计学意义（ < 0.05）。logistic 回归分析结果显示，年龄≥65 岁（比值比（odds ratio，OR）=29.187）、白蛋白<40 g/L（OR=0.025）、血红蛋白<110 g/L（OR=0.049）、合并糖尿病（OR=28.138）、合并厌食（OR=98.739）、BMI<18.5 kg/m （OR=0.024）和 CRP<3 mg/L（OR=24.819）是晚期肾癌患者发生营养不良的独立影响因素（均 < 0.05）。
结论
晚期肾癌患者营养不良的发生率较高。因此，在临床工作中必须加强对晚期肾癌患者营养不良的认识，注意筛查上述危险因素，并实施积极的营养治疗措施，降低晚期肾癌患者营养不良的风险，延长其生存时间。
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