Le Roux Johan, Anema Flo, Janse van Rensburg Dina Christa, Kerkhoffs Gino, Gouttebarge Vincent
Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Section Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2023 Aug 2;9(3):e001573. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001573. eCollection 2023.
The aim of this scoping review was to present an overview of the existing epidemiological evidence in retired male and female elite rugby players regarding the prevalence rates of musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, neurocognitive, psychological and gynaecological health conditions. A systematic search was carried out across MEDLINE (via PubMed), SPORTDiscus (via EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (via EBSCOhost) and EMBASE for musculoskeletal (eg, osteoarthritis), cardiovascular (eg, hypertension), neurocognitive (eg, dementia) and psychological health (eg, disordered eating, alcohol misuse) conditions in retired elite male and female rugby players and gynaecological health conditions (menorrhagia) in retired female rugby players. Primary research studies describing the prevalence rates of health conditions in retired elite male and female rugby players written in English, Dutch or French and with full text available online were included. Five hundred and seventy-three citations were originally identified and 16 studies were ultimately included in our review. No studies on health conditions in retired elite female rugby players were found. Four individual studies showed there was a significant higher prevalence rate of osteoarthritis in retired elite male rugby players compared with control groups. Various neurocognitive health conditions were investigated and showed, among others, a prevalence rate of 57% for mild cognitive disorder. The prevalence of self-reported depression and hazardous alcohol use in retired elite male rugby players was significantly higher than in control groups matched for age and education. Our review found relatively high prevalence rates of musculoskeletal health conditions such as osteoarthritis and psychological health conditions such as depression and hazardous alcohol use in retired elite male rugby players. More research needs to be conducted to understand better the health conditions of retired elite rugby players, especially among retired elite female players.
本范围综述的目的是概述现有关于退役男女精英橄榄球运动员肌肉骨骼、心血管、神经认知、心理和妇科健康状况患病率的流行病学证据。我们通过MEDLINE（经PubMed）、SPORTDiscus（经EBSCOhost）、PsycINFO（经EBSCOhost）和EMBASE，对退役男女精英橄榄球运动员的肌肉骨骼疾病（如骨关节炎）、心血管疾病（如高血压）、神经认知疾病（如痴呆）和心理健康疾病（如饮食失调、酒精滥用）以及退役女橄榄球运动员的妇科健康疾病（月经过多）进行了系统检索。纳入了以英文、荷兰文或法文撰写且全文可在线获取的、描述退役男女精英橄榄球运动员健康状况患病率的原发性研究。最初共识别出573篇文献，最终有16项研究纳入我们的综述。未发现关于退役女精英橄榄球运动员健康状况的研究。四项独立研究表明，与对照组相比，退役男精英橄榄球运动员骨关节炎的患病率显著更高。对各种神经认知健康状况进行了调查，结果显示，轻度认知障碍的患病率为57%等。退役男精英橄榄球运动员自我报告的抑郁症和有害饮酒的患病率显著高于年龄和教育程度相匹配的对照组。我们的综述发现，退役男精英橄榄球运动员中骨关节炎等肌肉骨骼健康状况以及抑郁症和有害饮酒等心理健康状况的患病率相对较高。需要开展更多研究，以更好地了解退役精英橄榄球运动员的健康状况，尤其是退役女精英运动员的健康状况。
