Lin Chenshuo, Li Wen-Jing, Li Li-Juan, Neilson Roy, An Xin-Li, Zhu Yong-Guan
Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Environ Microbiol. 2023 Nov;25(11):2641-2652. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.16477. Epub 2023 Aug 7.
Protists, functionally divided into consumers, phototrophs, and parasites act as integral components and vital regulators of microbiomes in soil-plant continuums. However, the drivers of community structure, assembly mechanisms, co-occurrence patterns, and the associations with human pathogens and different protistan trophic groups remain unknown. Here, we characterized the phyllosphere and soil protistan communities associated with three vegetables under different fertilization treatments (none and organic fertilization) at five growth stages. In this study, consumers were the most diverse soil protist group, had the role of inter-kingdom connector, and were the primary biomarker for rhizosphere soils which were subjected to decreasing deterministic processes during plant growth. In contrast, phototrophs had the greatest niche breadth and formed soil protistan hubs, and were the primary biomarkers for both bulk soils and the phyllosphere. Parasites had minimal input to microbial co-occurrence networks. Organic fertilization increased the relative abundance (RA) of pathogenic protists and the number of pathogen-consumer connections in rhizosphere soils but decreased protistan richness and the number of internal protistan links. This study advances our understanding of the ecological roles and potential links between human pathogens and protistan trophic groups associated with soil-plant continuums, which is fundamental to the regulation of soil-plant microbiomes and maintenance of environmental and human health.
原生生物在功能上可分为消费者、光合生物和寄生虫，它们是土壤-植物连续体中微生物群落的重要组成部分和关键调节者。然而，群落结构的驱动因素、组装机制、共现模式以及与人类病原体和不同原生生物营养类群的关联仍不清楚。在这里，我们对在五个生长阶段接受不同施肥处理（不施肥和有机肥）的三种蔬菜相关的叶际和土壤原生生物群落进行了特征描述。在本研究中，消费者是土壤原生生物中种类最多样化的群体，具有跨界连接的作用，并且是根际土壤的主要生物标志物，在植物生长过程中，根际土壤受到的确定性过程逐渐减少。相比之下，光合生物具有最大的生态位宽度，形成了土壤原生生物中心，并且是大块土壤和叶际的主要生物标志物。寄生虫对微生物共现网络的贡献最小。有机肥增加了根际土壤中致病原生生物的相对丰度（RA）以及病原体-消费者连接的数量，但降低了原生生物的丰富度和内部原生生物连接的数量。这项研究增进了我们对与土壤-植物连续体相关的人类病原体和原生生物营养类群之间的生态作用和潜在联系的理解，这对于调控土壤-植物微生物群落以及维护环境和人类健康至关重要。
