Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, S-225 Agricultural Science Center North, Lexington, KY, USA.
Department of Horticulture, University of Kentucky, N-318 Agricultural Science Center North, Lexington, KY, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2023 Oct 10;116(5):1727-1736. doi: 10.1093/jee/toad151.
The economical production of small fruits has been significantly complicated by the spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, throughout its invaded rage. Fall-bearing red raspberries are especially susceptible to D. suzukii, and significant efforts to mitigate their damage are undertaken by growers. Exclusion barriers made from fine-mesh netting has emerged as an organic compliant strategy to mitigate damage from D. suzukii. Identifying less susceptible raspberry cultivars may also alleviate D. suzukii damage. Key pollination complications arise from exclusion-based tactics, but properly timing exclusion establishment may provide a remedy. In a 2-yr-old fall-bearing raspberry planting containing 3 cultivars, exclusion barriers were erected at 2 phenological timings. Spinosad- and pyrethrin-based pesticides were also applied to separate rows throughout harvest and a fourth treatment group matured without management. A subsection of raspberries was harvested and examined for marketability or damage, and D. suzukii adult populations were sampled with baited traps. An exclusion barrier applied early in fruit development was the most effective pest management strategy of those we tested. Its use decreased D. suzukii captures by 75%, decreased D. suzukii-infested fruit weights by 48%, and increased marketable yield by 63% compared to the no management control; however, it also increased pollination deficient fruit weights. Exclusion netting applied later in fruit maturation also decreased D. suzukii captures, infested fruit weights, and the weight of fruits damaged by other arthropod pests but did not significantly increase marketable yield. Our results indicate that netting exclusions may hold promise for the economical production of fall-bearing raspberries.
经济地生产小果已被斑翅果蝇 Drosophila suzukii Matsumura 严重复杂化，在其入侵范围内。秋季结果的红树莓尤其容易受到 D. suzukii 的影响，种植者会采取重大措施来减轻其损害。由细网制成的隔离屏障已成为减轻 D. suzukii 损害的有机合规策略。识别出不太易受感染的覆盆子品种也可能减轻 D. suzukii 的损害。基于排除的授粉策略会带来关键的授粉并发症，但正确地确定排除建立的时间可能会提供补救措施。在一个 2 年生的秋季结果的覆盆子种植园中，有 3 个品种，在 2 个物候时间竖起了隔离屏障。在整个收获期间，还对隔离带以外的行施用过氧化氢和除虫菊酯基杀虫剂，第四个处理组则在无管理的情况下成熟。从覆盆子的一小部分中收获并检查其是否可销售或受损，并使用诱饵陷阱对 D. suzukii 成虫种群进行采样。我们测试的所有策略中，在果实发育早期应用隔离屏障是最有效的害虫管理策略。与无管理对照相比，其使用减少了 75%的 D. suzukii 捕获量，减少了 48%的 D. suzukii 侵染果实的重量，增加了 63%的可销售产量；但是，它也增加了授粉不足的果实重量。在果实成熟后期应用隔离网也减少了 D. suzukii 的捕获量、侵染果实的重量以及其他节肢动物害虫损害的果实重量，但并未显著增加可销售产量。我们的结果表明，隔离网可能有希望经济地生产秋季结果的覆盆子。
