Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University;
Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University.
J Vis Exp. 2023 Jul 21(197). doi: 10.3791/65579.
The cutaneous vasculature is an accessible tissue that can be used to assess microvascular function in humans. Intradermal microdialysis is a minimally invasive technique used to investigate mechanisms of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial function in the cutaneous circulation. This technique allows for the pharmacological dissection of the pathophysiology of microvascular endothelial dysfunction as indexed by decreased nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation, an indicator of cardiovascular disease development risk. In this technique, a microdialysis probe is placed in the dermal layer of the skin, and a local heating unit with a laser Doppler flowmetry probe is placed over the probe to measure the red blood cell flux. The local skin temperature is clamped or stimulated with direct heat application, and pharmacological agents are perfused through the probe to stimulate or inhibit intracellular signaling pathways in order to induce vasodilation or vasoconstriction or to interrogate mechanisms of interest (co-factors, antioxidants, etc.). The cutaneous vascular conductance is quantified, and mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in disease states can be delineated.
皮肤血管是一种易于获取的组织，可以用于评估人体的微血管功能。皮内微透析是一种微创技术，用于研究皮肤循环中血管平滑肌和内皮功能的机制。该技术允许对微血管内皮功能障碍的病理生理学进行药理学剖析，其指标为一氧化氮介导的血管舒张功能降低，这是心血管疾病发展风险的一个指标。在该技术中，将微透析探针放置在皮肤的真皮层中，并将局部加热单元和激光多普勒流量探针放置在探针上，以测量红细胞通量。局部皮肤温度通过直接热应用进行钳制或刺激，并且通过探针灌注药理学试剂以刺激或抑制细胞内信号通路，从而诱导血管舒张或血管收缩，或探究感兴趣的机制（共因子、抗氧化剂等）。量化皮肤血管传导性，并可以描绘疾病状态下的内皮功能障碍机制。
