Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated KangDa College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, P.R. China.
Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Hui Long Guan Hospital, Peking University Hui Long Guan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, 100096, P.R. China.
BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Aug 7;23(1):564. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-05059-2.
Antenatal depression and anxiety symptoms may have negative consequences for both mothers and offspring, and upward trends in the prevalence of these symptoms were especially apparent during the COVID-19 epidemic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of and relevant factors influencing depressive and anxiety symptoms in Chinese pregnant women in the post-COVID-19 era.
We conducted an online survey of 1,963 pregnant women in Jiangsu Province, using a cross-sectional design, and collected their general demographic data. The nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used to evaluate depression symptoms, and the seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) was used to measure anxiety symptoms.
The prevalence of reported antenatal depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and depression combined with anxiety symptoms was 25.2%, 27.9%, and 18.6%, respectively. Of the respondents, the prevalence of moderate to severe depression, and anxiety was 7.9% and 7.7%, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age, low level of education, rural area, unemployment, pregnancy complications, poor marital relationship, and fair household income were positively association with both depressive and anxiety symptoms (all P < 0.05). The proportion of women reporting anxiety symptoms in the third trimester was 1.91-fold higher than in first trimester. Parity was a relevant factor for depression and anxiety symptoms (all P < 0.05).
In the post-COVID-19 era, the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms in pregnant women was higher than expected, and it is vital to establish hospital, community, and family psychological health screening systems based on relevant factors and enhance early preventive measures.
产前抑郁和焦虑症状可能对母亲和后代都有负面影响，而在 COVID-19 疫情期间，这些症状的患病率呈上升趋势。本研究旨在评估 COVID-19 后时代中国孕妇抑郁和焦虑症状的流行情况及其相关影响因素。
我们采用横断面设计，对江苏省 1963 名孕妇进行了在线调查，收集了她们的一般人口统计学数据。采用 9 项患者健康问卷 9（PHQ-9）评估抑郁症状，采用 7 项广泛性焦虑障碍 7（GAD-7）评估焦虑症状。
报告产前抑郁症状、焦虑症状和抑郁合并焦虑症状的患病率分别为 25.2%、27.9%和 18.6%。受访者中，中度至重度抑郁和焦虑的患病率分别为 7.9%和 7.7%。二项逻辑回归分析表明，年龄、低教育水平、农村地区、失业、妊娠并发症、不良婚姻关系和中等家庭收入与抑郁和焦虑症状呈正相关（均 P<0.05）。孕晚期报告焦虑症状的女性比例是孕早期的 1.91 倍。产次是抑郁和焦虑症状的相关因素（均 P<0.05）。
在 COVID-19 后时代，孕妇抑郁和焦虑症状的患病率高于预期，有必要根据相关因素建立医院、社区和家庭心理健康筛查系统，并加强早期预防措施。
