Department of Speech Therapy, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Mobility Impairment Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2024 Aug;26(4):493-504. doi: 10.1080/17549507.2023.2214712. Epub 2023 Aug 7.
To date there are no studies of speech sound acquisition in Laki, a language spoken in western regions of Iran. Thus, we set out a pilot study to investigate the speech development of 56 first language Laki-speaking children (aged 3-5 years).
Single words were elicited through a picture naming test specifically developed for this study. After recording and transcribing of speech samples, percentage of consonants correct (PCC), percentage of vowels correct (PVC), and proportion of whole word proximity (PWP) were documented in four age groups (36-41, 42-47, 48-53, and 54-59 months) and both genders. Children's phonetic inventories and consonant and vowel accuracy were also described.
All the sounds were considered as emerging by 53 months of age. For speech sound accuracy, all the speech sounds except /ɢ, z, ŋ, ʒ/ were mastered by 5 years. The effect of age on PCC values was significant. Also, age groups showed significant differences for PWP but were not significant for PVC. Boys and girls did not differ for PCC, PVC, and PWP values.
From a theoretical perspective, findings contribute to theories about phonological acquisition in general and will enable crosslinguistic comparisons. From an applied standpoint, language-specific characteristics are identified, which are much needed for clinical practice with Laki-speaking children.
迄今为止，尚无关于伊朗西部拉基语语音习得的研究。因此，我们开展了一项初步研究，旨在调查 56 名母语为拉基语的儿童（年龄 3-5 岁）的言语发展情况。
通过专门为此研究开发的图片命名测试引出单字。在记录和转写语音样本后，我们在四个年龄组（36-41 个月、42-47 个月、48-53 个月和 54-59 个月）和两个性别组中记录了辅音正确百分比（PCC）、元音正确百分比（PVC）和整体词接近度比例（PWP），并描述了儿童的语音库和辅音和元音的准确性。
所有的音都被认为在 53 个月时出现。对于语音准确性，除了/ɢ, z, ŋ, ʒ/以外的所有语音在 5 岁时都已经掌握。年龄对 PCC 值的影响具有统计学意义。此外，年龄组在 PWP 上存在显著差异，但在 PVC 上无显著差异。男孩和女孩在 PCC、PVC 和 PWP 值上没有差异。
从理论角度来看，这些发现为一般语音习得理论做出了贡献，并将促进跨语言比较。从应用的角度来看，确定了语言特有的特征，这对于与拉基语儿童的临床实践非常必要。
