Piyacomn Yonrawee, Kasetsuwan Ngamjit, Puangsricharern Vilavun, Reinprayoon Usanee, Satitpitakul Vannarut, Chantaren Patchima
Department of Ophthalmology, Excellence Center for Cornea and Limbal Stem Cell Transplantation, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Asian Biomed (Res Rev News). 2023 Aug 1;16(6):316-321. doi: 10.1515/abm-2022-0035. eCollection 2022 Dec.
Studies in the epidemiology of keratoconus are limited in Southeast Asia. A study on the prevalence and characteristics of keratoconus in the Thai population could give a general idea of its impact.
To study keratoconus prevalence in patients seeking refractive surgery and analyze the characteristics of keratoconus.
Medical records from April 2015 to August 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Keratoconus and keratoconus suspect prevalence in patients seeking laser vision correction were calculated. The characteristics of keratoconus patients were reviewed. The Amsler-Krumeich classification was used to determine the stages. Topographically, the types of cones were categorized into oval, nipple, pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD)-like, and astigmatic types.
Keratoconus and keratoconus suspect prevalence were 1.66% and 0.68%, respectively. Out of the affected patients, 73.8% were male. The mean age at diagnosis was 25.25 ± 8.35 years. The presenting symptoms were blurred vision (87%) and itching (47%). Stage 1 was predominant, found in 39% of patients (followed by stages 2, 4, and 3, respectively). Ocular findings comprised the Munson sign (14.63%), the Rizutti sign (6.94%), Fleischer ring (28.14%), Vogt striae (24.95%), corneal scar (8.63%), prominent corneal nerve (2.81%), and corneal staining (7.69%). Mean uncorrected visual acuity (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [logMAR]) was 0.88 ± 0.64. Mean corrected visual acuity (logMAR) was 0.40 ± 0.49. Mean Q-value was -0.92 ± 0.63. The thinnest pachymetry was 459.39 ± 56.96 microns. The mean keratometry was 49.7 ± 6.64 diopters. Topographically, the types of cones were oval (57%), astigmatic (33%), PMD-like (5%), and nipple type (4%).
Keratoconus prevalence among Thai patients seeking refractive surgery was 1.66%. Most patients were male and presented with the disease at a mild bilateral stage in their second decade of life.
东南亚圆锥角膜流行病学研究有限。一项关于泰国人群圆锥角膜患病率及特征的研究可大致了解其影响。
研究寻求屈光手术患者的圆锥角膜患病率，并分析圆锥角膜的特征。
回顾性分析2015年4月至2018年8月的病历。计算寻求激光视力矫正患者中圆锥角膜和疑似圆锥角膜的患病率。回顾圆锥角膜患者的特征。采用Amsler-Krumeich分类法确定分期。从地形图上看，圆锥类型分为椭圆形、乳头形、透明边缘变性（PMD）样和散光型。
圆锥角膜和疑似圆锥角膜的患病率分别为1.66%和0.68%。在受影响患者中，73.8%为男性。诊断时的平均年龄为25.25±8.35岁。主要症状为视力模糊（87%）和瘙痒（47%）。1期最为常见，39%的患者为此期（其次分别为2期、4期和3期）。眼部表现包括Munson征（14.63%）、Rizutti征（6.94%）、Fleischer环（28.14%）、Vogt条纹（24.95%）、角膜瘢痕（8.63%）、角膜神经突出（2.81%）和角膜染色（7.69%）。平均未矫正视力（最小分辨角对数[logMAR]）为0.88±0.64。平均矫正视力（logMAR）为0.40±0.49。平均Q值为-0.92±0.63。最薄角膜厚度为459.39±56.96微米。平均角膜曲率为49.7±6.64屈光度。从地形图上看，圆锥类型为椭圆形（57%）、散光型（33%）、PMD样（5%）和乳头型（4%）。
在寻求屈光手术的泰国患者中，圆锥角膜患病率为1.66%。大多数患者为男性，在生命的第二个十年以双侧轻度阶段发病。
