Brendehaug J, Abrahamsen R K
J Dairy Res. 1986 May;53(2):211-21. doi: 10.1017/s002202990002481x.
The chemical composition of Norwegian bulk collected goats' milk from the University herd was analysed during one lactation period (30 weeks, 20 samples during 1983). There was considerable variation in chemical composition during the year. Fat content decreased over the first 4 months of lactation and increased during the mountain pasture period. Protein concentration decreased during the first 4 months, and then increased until the end of lactation. Lactose concentration decreased throughout lactation. Casein nitrogen (casein N) was highest at mid lactation and lowest at the beginning and end of lactation. beta-Lactoglobulin N showed the opposite trend. Citrate content showed a significantly quadratic decrease and total ash content an increase with advancing lactation. Mutual significant correlations between total P, K, Na, Ca and Mg were calculated, and all increased throughout lactation. There was significant positive correlation between concentrations of individual medium-chain fatty acids and stage of lactation. They remained more or less constant during the first part of the lactation, decreased to minima when the goats were on pasture, and increased during the last phase of lactation. Concentration of C16 fatty acid was negatively correlated with C18 and C18:1. Goat flavour intensity score and quality flavour score were highest at mid lactation, and positively correlated with the acid degree value.
对来自大学畜群的挪威批量采集山羊奶在一个泌乳期（30周，1983年期间采集20个样本）的化学成分进行了分析。一年中化学成分存在相当大的差异。脂肪含量在泌乳的前4个月下降，在山地放牧期增加。蛋白质浓度在最初4个月下降，然后在泌乳结束前增加。乳糖浓度在整个泌乳期下降。酪蛋白氮在泌乳中期最高，在泌乳开始和结束时最低。β-乳球蛋白氮呈现相反的趋势。柠檬酸盐含量呈显著二次下降，总灰分含量随着泌乳进展而增加。计算了总磷、钾、钠、钙和镁之间的相互显著相关性，且它们在整个泌乳期都增加。各个中链脂肪酸的浓度与泌乳阶段之间存在显著正相关。它们在泌乳的第一阶段或多或少保持恒定，在山羊放牧时降至最低，在泌乳的最后阶段增加。C16脂肪酸的浓度与C18和C18:1呈负相关。山羊风味强度评分和优质风味评分在泌乳中期最高，且与酸度值呈正相关。
