Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2023 Jul-Aug;43(4):463-469. doi: 10.11607/prd.5620.
The aim of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to evaluate whether placement of a soft tissue graft substitute (STGS) could decrease peri-implant tissue shrinkage at immediate postextractive implants. Twenty patients with one missing tooth between two adjacent healthy teeth in esthetic areas and at least 4 mm of bone apical to the tooth apex were randomly allocated (after tooth extraction) to receive (n = 10; test group) or not receive (n = 10; control group) a subepithelial buccal STGS. Implants were inserted with a torque of at least 30 Ncm, and sites were grafted with a cancellous particulate allograft. All patients were restored with nonoccluding immediate provisional screw-retained crowns, replaced after 6 months by definitive metal-ceramic crowns. One year after loading, no dropouts, crown or implant failure, or complications occurred. No statistically significant difference or trends in volume shrinkage, esthetics, peri-implant marginal bone loss, and keratinized mucosa heights between the two groups were observed. Acknowledging that the sample size was small, no clinical benefit could be observed for the use of a STGS in immediate postextractive implants.
本随机对照试验（RCT）旨在评估在即刻拔牙后种植体中放置软组织移植物替代物（STGS）是否可以减少种植体周围组织的收缩。20 名患者在美学区域中相邻健康牙齿之间缺失一颗牙齿，并且在牙齿根尖上方至少有 4mm 的骨，将这些患者随机分配（拔牙后）接受（n=10；试验组）或不接受（n=10；对照组）上皮下颊侧 STGS。将种植体以至少 30Ncm 的扭矩插入，并用松质颗粒同种异体骨进行移植。所有患者均用非咬合即刻临时螺钉固位冠修复，6 个月后用金属-陶瓷永久冠替换。在负荷 1 年后，两组均无脱落、冠或种植体失败或并发症发生。两组间在体积收缩、美观、种植体周围边缘骨丧失和角化黏膜高度方面均未观察到统计学显著差异或趋势。鉴于样本量较小，在即刻拔牙后种植体中使用 STGS 未观察到临床获益。
