Freelance Consultants.
Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneve, Switzerland.
Health Policy Plan. 2023 Oct 10;38(9):1113-1120. doi: 10.1093/heapol/czad052.
This paper presents methodological reflections from the development of the World Health Organization (WHO) Violence against Women (VAW) Policies Database (hereinafter referred to as 'the Database') to inform future efforts to create similar public health policy databases for government accountability. Using the WHO Global Plan of Action on Violence accountability measures as a starting point, the Database was developed over a 2-year period in consultation with a reference group. A subset of indicators was piloted before finalization of a full list and the structure of the Database. Available VAW policies from 194 WHO Member States were reviewed by a team of consultants, who conducted content analysis and data entry. A 'Manual and User Guide' was developed to record decisions related to the processes for developing the Database. This guide was used to draw out key reflections in relation to policy indicators, inclusion criteria for policy documents, languages and analysis, quality assurance and sustainability. The process of developing the Database evolved iteratively in response to many factors, including the content of policies and the specificities of policy-making in each jurisdiction. Pragmatic decisions about the number of indicators and the types of policies to review were informed by pilot tests across a range of geographies. Standardization of analysis and data entry was ensured through the provision of in-depth guidance for researchers, and regular and open communication within the team was key to quality assurance. Online translation services enabled a review of policy documents in most languages. Documentation of the methodology ensured that others could replicate processes with fidelity in the future. Despite complexities, it is possible to develop a sound methodology for analysing the content of policy documents in a manner that yields findings that are useful in holding governments accountable for the commitments to address VAW and other public health issues in policy.
本文从世界卫生组织（WHO）暴力侵害妇女行为（VAW）政策数据库（以下简称“数据库”）的开发中提出了方法学反思，以为政府问责制创建类似的公共卫生政策数据库提供信息。本数据库是在参考小组协商的基础上，经过两年的时间开发而成，使用的是世卫组织全球行动计划问责制措施作为起点。在确定最终的指标子集和数据库结构之前，对其进行了试点。由一组顾问审查了来自 194 个世卫组织成员国的暴力侵害妇女行为政策，他们对内容进行了分析并输入了数据。编写了一份“手册和用户指南”，以记录与开发数据库相关的决策过程。本指南被用于引出与政策指标、政策文件的纳入标准、语言和分析、质量保证和可持续性相关的关键反思。数据库的开发过程是迭代式的，需要根据各种因素进行调整，包括政策的内容和每个司法管辖区政策制定的具体情况。在一系列地理区域进行试点测试后，根据指标数量和需要审查的政策类型做出了务实的决策。通过为研究人员提供深入的指导，确保了分析和数据输入的标准化，团队内部的定期和公开沟通是质量保证的关键。在线翻译服务使大多数语言的政策文件审查成为可能。方法学的文档记录确保了其他人将来可以忠实地复制这些流程。尽管存在复杂性，但仍有可能开发出一种合理的方法，用于以一种有助于政府对解决暴力侵害妇女行为和政策中其他公共卫生问题的承诺负责的方式，分析政策文件的内容。
