Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia.
Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2023 Sep;202:107932. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107932. Epub 2023 Aug 3.
Gene transfer from Agrobacterium to plants is the best studied example of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The rol genes of A. rhizogenes (Rhizobium rhizogenes) provide uncontrolled root growth, or "hairy root" syndrome, the main diagnostic feature. In the present study, we investigated the stable pRiA4-transformed callus culture of Rubia cordifolia L. While untransformed callus cultures need PGRs (plant growth regulators) as an obligatory supplement, pRiA4 calli is able to achieve long-term PGR-free cultivation. For the first time, we described the pRiA4-transformed callus cultures' PGR-dependent ROS status, growth, and specialized metabolism. As we have shown, expression of the rolA and rolB but not the rolC genes is contradictory in a PGR-dependent manner. Moreover, a PGR-free pRiA4 transformed cell line is characterised as more anthraquinone (AQ) productive than an untransformed cell culture. These findings pertain to actual plant biotechnology: it could be the solution to troubles in choosing the best PGR combination for the cultivation of some rare, medicinal, and woody plants; wild-type Ri-plants and tissue cultures may become freed from legal controls on genetically modified organisms in the future. We propose possible PGR-dependent relationships between rolA and rolB as well as ROS signalling targets. The present study highlighted the high importance of the rolA gene in the regulation of combined rol gene effects and the large knowledge gap in rolA action.
根癌农杆菌向植物的基因转移是原核生物和真核生物之间水平基因转移（HGT）的最佳研究范例。发根农杆菌（Rhizobium rhizogenes）的 rol 基因提供不受控制的根生长，或“毛状根”综合征，这是主要的诊断特征。在本研究中，我们研究了稳定的 pRiA4 转化的茜草属植物愈伤组织培养物。虽然未转化的愈伤组织培养物需要 PGR（植物生长调节剂）作为必需的补充，但 pRiA4 愈伤组织能够实现长期无 PGR 培养。我们首次描述了 pRiA4 转化的愈伤组织培养物在 PGR 依赖性 ROS 状态、生长和特化代谢方面的情况。正如我们所展示的，rolA 和 rolB 基因的表达，但不是 rolC 基因的表达，以 PGR 依赖性的方式相互矛盾。此外，与未转化的细胞培养物相比，无 PGR 的 pRiA4 转化细胞系具有更高的蒽醌（AQ）生产能力。这些发现与实际的植物生物技术有关：它可能是解决选择最佳 PGR 组合来培养一些稀有、药用和木本植物的问题的解决方案；野生型 Ri-植物和组织培养物可能在未来摆脱对遗传修饰生物体的法律控制。我们提出了 rolA 和 rolB 之间以及 ROS 信号转导靶标之间可能存在的 PGR 依赖性关系。本研究强调了 rolA 基因在调节组合 rol 基因效应方面的重要性，以及 rolA 作用方面的大量知识差距。
