Fernández-Castillo R-J, González-Caro M-D, Arroyo-Muñoz F-J, Garnacho-Montero J
Unidad Clínica de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
Unidad Clínica de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain.
Enferm Intensiva (Engl Ed). 2024 Jan-Mar;35(1):35-44. doi: 10.1016/j.enfie.2023.07.004. Epub 2023 Aug 7.
The pandemic derived from the SARS-CoV-2 infection led to changes in care for both relatives and intensive care patients during the different waves of incidence of the virus. The line of humanization followed by the majority of the hospitals was seriously affected by the restrictions applied. As an objective, we propose to know the modifications suffered during the different waves of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Spain regarding the policy of visits to patients in the ICU, monitoring at the end of life, and the use of new technologies. of communication between family members, patients and professionals.
Multicenter cross-sectional descriptive study through a survey of Spanish ICUs from February to April 2022. Statistical analysis methods were performed on the results as appropriate. The study was endorsed by the Spanish Society of Intensive Nursing and Coronary Units.
29% of the units contacted responded. The daily visiting minutes of relatives dropped drastically from 135 (87.5-255) to 45 (25-60) in the 21.2% of units that allowed their access, improving slightly with the passing of the waves. In the case of bereavement, the permissiveness was greater, increasing the use of new technologies for patient-family communication in the case of 96.5% of the units.
The family of patients admitted to the ICU during the different waves of the COVID-19 pandemic have suffered restrictions on visits and a change from face-to-face to virtual communication techniques. Access times were reduced to minimum levels during the first wave, recovering with the advance of the pandemic but never reaching initial levels. Despite the implemented solutions and virtual communication, efforts should be directed towards improving the protocols for the humanization of healthcare that allow caring for families and patients whatever the healthcare context.
由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染引发的疫情，在病毒不同发病波次期间，导致了亲属护理和重症监护患者护理方式的改变。大多数医院所遵循的人性化路线受到了所实施限制措施的严重影响。作为一个目标，我们旨在了解西班牙SARS-CoV-2疫情不同波次期间，在重症监护病房（ICU）探视患者政策、临终监测以及家庭成员、患者和医护人员之间新技术沟通使用方面所发生的变化。
通过对2022年2月至4月西班牙各ICU进行调查开展多中心横断面描述性研究。对结果酌情进行统计分析。该研究得到了西班牙重症护理与冠心病监护病房学会的认可。
29%的受访单位做出了回应。在允许亲属探视的21.2%的单位中，亲属每日探视时长从135（87.5 - 255）分钟大幅降至45（25 - 60）分钟，随着疫情波次推移略有改善。在亲属丧亲方面，允许程度更高，96.5%的单位增加了用于患者与家属沟通的新技术使用。
在新冠疫情不同波次期间入住ICU的患者家属，在探视方面受到了限制，并且从面对面沟通转变为虚拟沟通技术。在第一波疫情期间，探视时间减少到了最低水平，随着疫情发展有所恢复，但从未达到初始水平。尽管实施了各种解决方案和虚拟沟通方式，但仍应致力于改进医疗人性化方案，以便无论医疗环境如何，都能照顾好家属和患者。
