Escuela Nacional de Sanidad, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Av. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
J Community Health. 2024 Feb;49(1):139-155. doi: 10.1007/s10900-023-01259-9. Epub 2023 Aug 10.
High uptake of HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) testing in Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) is needed to interrupt transmission. The objective was to identify subgroups with increased probability of lack of testing among HIV-negative GBMSM in Spain. Cross-sectional study including 3486 HIV-negative GBMSM attending prevention facilities in Madrid and Barcelona, 2018-2020. Data came from self-administered online sociodemographic, health, and risk behaviors questionnaires. Outcomes were lack of HCV (lifetime) and HIV (lifetime, last year) testing. Crude and adjusted prevalences and prevalence ratios were assessed for each outcome using negative binomial regression models. Lifetime lack of HIV and HCV testing prevalence was 6.3% and 35.8%, respectively, while lack of HIV testing in the last year was 22.4%. Prevalences were also substantial in GBMSM with high-risk behaviors. After sociodemographic adjustment, the highest probability of lack of HCV testing (lifetime) and HIV (last year) was among GBMSM with insufficient viral hepatitis knowledge, no history of STI, or HCV (or HIV) testing, aged < 25, non-outness about sex life with men, and less high-risk behaviors. Lack of HCV (lifetime) and HIV testing (last year) among HIV-negative GBMSM in Spain is still high, despite high-risk behaviors.
需要在男同性恋者、双性恋者和其他与男性发生性关系的男性（GBMSM）中进行高比例的艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎（HCV）检测，以阻断传播。目的是确定西班牙艾滋病毒阴性的 GBMSM 中缺乏检测的可能性增加的亚组。这是一项包括马德里和巴塞罗那预防机构中 3486 名艾滋病毒阴性的 GBMSM 参加的横断面研究，2018-2020 年。数据来自自我管理的在线社会人口统计学、健康和风险行为问卷。结果是缺乏 HCV（终身）和 HIV（终身，去年）检测。使用负二项回归模型评估每个结果的粗和调整后患病率和患病率比。终身缺乏 HIV 和 HCV 检测的患病率分别为 6.3%和 35.8%，而去年缺乏 HIV 检测的患病率为 22.4%。在具有高风险行为的 GBMSM 中，患病率也很高。在社会人口统计学调整后，缺乏 HCV（终身）和 HIV（去年）检测的可能性最高的是对病毒性肝炎知识了解不足、没有性传播感染或 HCV（或 HIV）检测史、年龄<25 岁、对男性性生活不公开、高风险行为较少的 GBMSM。尽管存在高风险行为，但西班牙艾滋病毒阴性的 GBMSM 中缺乏 HCV（终身）和 HIV 检测（去年）仍然很高。
