China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
Institute of Applied Ecology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2023 Aug 22;57(33):12270-12279. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02667. Epub 2023 Aug 10.
Aquaculture ponds are an important artificial aquatic system for global food fish production but also are a hot spot of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The GHG mitigation strategy and the underlying mechanism for aquaculture ponds are still poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a 2 year field experiment to determine the effects of planting high-stalk rice (an artificially bred emergent plant for ponds) on GHG emissions from aquaculture ponds. Our results showed that planting high-stalk rice reduced CH emission by 64.4% and NO emission by 76.2% over 2 years. Planting high-stalk rice significantly increased the content of O and the abundance of A in the sediment, thus prompting CH oxidation in the ponds. The reduction of NO emission from ponds was attributed to the decreased inorganic nitrogen, and S in the sediment induced by rice. Furthermore, high-stalk rice culture in the pond increased shrimp yields and gained rice yields, resulting in a significant reduction of yield-scaled global warming potential. Our findings suggest that breeding appropriate emergent aquatic plants is a potential pathway to mitigate GHG emission from aquaculture ponds with more food yields and economic benefits.
水产养殖池塘是全球养殖鱼类生产的重要人工水生系统，但也是温室气体（GHG）排放的热点区域。水产养殖池塘的温室气体减排策略及其潜在机制仍知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们进行了为期两年的田间实验，以确定种植高茎水稻（一种为池塘人工培育的挺水植物）对水产养殖池塘温室气体排放的影响。我们的结果表明，种植高茎水稻在两年内分别减少了 64.4%的 CH 排放和 76.2%的 NO 排放。种植高茎水稻显著增加了沉积物中 O 和 A 的含量，从而促进了池塘中的 CH 氧化。池塘中 NO 排放的减少归因于水稻诱导的沉积物中无机氮和 S 的减少。此外，池塘中高茎水稻的种植增加了虾的产量并获得了水稻的产量，从而显著降低了产量标准化的全球变暖潜势。我们的研究结果表明，培育适当的挺水水生植物是减少水产养殖池塘温室气体排放的一种潜在途径，可以在获得更多粮食产量和经济效益的同时减少温室气体排放。
