Chair of Biodiversity of Higher Plants, International, Institute (IHI) Zittau, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Department of Botany, Senckenberg Museum for Natural History Görlitz, Senckenberg - Member of the Leibniz Association, Görlitz, Germany.
PLoS One. 2023 Aug 10;18(8):e0289468. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289468. eCollection 2023.
Prior to the world-wide dominance of F. ×ananassa in strawberry production, native species had been cultivated in European gardens for centuries. Especially the musk strawberry (F. moschata) had been highly appreciated due to its fruit size and extraordinary aroma. Detailed studies on the diversity of the species' fruit aroma are lacking, although breeding aims to improve strawberry aroma by complex crossings during recent years. Today a few cultivars, abandoned synanthropic occurrences and native populations of this species exist in Germany. Here we characterised aroma profiles of F. moschata accessions by analysing Volatile Organic Compounds. In particular, differences between native and cultivated accessions as well as the diversity in aroma profiles of native populations were investigated. Profiles of Volatile Organic Compounds were analysed by immersion stir bar sorptive extraction-gas chromatography-quadrupol mass spectrometry (imm-SBSE-GC-qMS). These data were compared with a genetic characterisation of samples based on eight microsatellite loci using univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. High amounts of furanones and the key compound methyl anthranilate were characteristic for the aroma profile of F. moschata. We detected a considerable diversity of Volatile Organic Compounds among accessions of F. moschata, particularly among genetically distinct samples from the same population. Native accessions contained more terpenoids but less esters and were moderately differentiated from cultivated samples. The observed patterns of Volatile Organic Compounds indicate that cultivated accessions had been selected for favourable aroma profiles and thus showing traces of domestication. Moreover, native populations harbour a great diversity of Volatile Organic Compounds, which could be also considered for future breeding efforts.
在草莓生产中，F. ×ananassa 品种在全球范围内占据主导地位之前，欧洲的花园中已经种植了数百年的本地品种。特别是麝香草莓（F. moschata），因其果实大小和独特的香气而备受推崇。尽管近年来通过复杂的杂交来改善草莓的香气，但对该物种果实香气多样性的详细研究仍然缺乏。如今，德国仍有少数几个品种、被遗弃的synanthropic 发生和该物种的本地种群存在。在这里，我们通过分析挥发性有机化合物来描述 F. moschata 品种的香气特征。特别是，我们研究了本地和栽培品种之间的香气差异以及本地种群的香气差异。通过浸没法搅拌棒吸附萃取-气相色谱-四极杆质谱（imm-SBSE-GC-qMS）分析挥发性有机化合物的特征。使用基于 8 个微卫星基因座的遗传特征，对样品进行了单变量和多变量统计分析，将这些数据与样品进行了比较。呋喃酮和关键化合物甲基邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯的高含量是 F. moschata 香气特征的特征。我们检测到 F. moschata 品种之间存在相当大的挥发性有机化合物多样性，特别是在来自同一群体的遗传上不同的样品之间。本地品种含有更多的萜类化合物，但酯类较少，与栽培品种中度分化。观察到的挥发性有机化合物模式表明，栽培品种是为了有利的香气特征而选择的，因此显示出驯化的痕迹。此外，本地种群还具有丰富的挥发性有机化合物多样性，这也可以考虑用于未来的繁殖工作。
