Ambrosini Francesca, Riccardi Niccolò, Occhineri Sara, Matucci Tommaso, Paraboschi Irene, Calarco Alessandro, Berrettini Alfredo, Tiseo Giusy, Canetti Diana, Van Der Merwe André, Terrone Carlo, Mantica Guglielmo
IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.
Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Integrated Sciences (DISC), University of Genova, Genova, Italy.
Res Rep Urol. 2023 Aug 4;15:365-373. doi: 10.2147/RRU.S412278. eCollection 2023.
Haemorrhagic cystitis may be due to different etiologies with infectious diseases representing an insidious cause to diagnose. The aim of this narrative review is to provide a comprehensive overview of less common but difficult-to-diagnose causes of infectious haemorrhagic cystitis of bacterial, mycobacterial, and parasitic origin, Moreover, we highlight possible diagnostic tools and currently available treatment options in order to give an updated tool for urologists to use in daily practice.
The search engine PubMed was used to select peer-reviewed articles published from 1/Jan/2010 to 31/Aug/2022.
Bacteria, fungal, TB and schistosomiasis are uncommon causes of haemorrhagic cystitis burdened by high morbidity, especially if not promptly diagnosed.
Because haemorrhagic cystitis ranges in severity from mild dysuria associated with pelvic discomfort to severe life-threatening haemorrhage, punctual diagnosis, and immediate treatment are essential to avoid further complications.
出血性膀胱炎可能由不同病因引起，传染病是一种难以诊断的潜在病因。本叙述性综述的目的是全面概述细菌性、分枝杆菌性和寄生虫性感染性出血性膀胱炎的少见但难以诊断的病因。此外，我们强调了可能的诊断工具和当前可用的治疗选择，以便为泌尿外科医生提供一种在日常实践中使用的最新工具。
使用搜索引擎PubMed筛选2010年1月1日至2022年8月31日发表的同行评审文章。
细菌、真菌、结核病和血吸虫病是出血性膀胱炎的少见病因，发病率高，尤其是未及时诊断时。
由于出血性膀胱炎的严重程度范围从伴有盆腔不适的轻度排尿困难到严重的危及生命的出血，及时诊断和立即治疗对于避免进一步并发症至关重要。
