Department of Preventive Medicine, Forensic and Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Forensic Science, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Pathology and Key-Innovative Discipline Molecular Diagnostics, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China.
Front Public Health. 2023 Jul 26;11:1146283. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1146283. eCollection 2023.
Preterm birth (PTB) has been linked with ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure. However, data are limited between physiological development of PTB and PM exposure.
Trimester and season-specific PM exposure including PM and PM was collected from Jiaxing between January 2014 and December 2017. Information about parents and 3,054 PTB (gestational age < 37 weeks) outcomes such as weight (g), head circumference (cm), chest circumference (cm), height (cm) and Apgar 5 score were obtained from birth records. We used generalized linear models to assess the relationship between PTB physiological developmental indices and PM, PM and their combined exposures. A binary logistic regression model was performed to assess the association between exposures and low birth weight (LBW, < 2,500 g).
Results showed that there were 75.5% of low birth weight (LBW) infants in PTB. Decreased PM and PM levels were found in Jiaxing from 2014 to 2017, with a higher PM level than PM each year. During the entire pregnancy, the highest median concentration of PM and PM was in winter (61.65 ± 0.24 vs. 91.65 ± 0.29 μg/m) followed by autumn, spring and summer, with statistical differences in trimester-specific stages. After adjusting for several potential factors, we found a 10 μg/m increase in joint exposure of PM and PM during the entire pregnancy associated with reduced 0.02 week (95%CI: -0.05, -0.01) in gestational age, 7.9 g (95%CI: -13.71, -2.28) in birth weight, 0.8 cm in height (95%CI: -0.16, -0.02), 0.05 cm (95%CI: -0.08, - 0.01) in head circumference, and 0.3 (95%CI: -0.04, -0.02) in Apgar 5 score, except for the chest circumference. Trimester-specific exposure of PM and PM sometimes showed an opposite effect on Additionally, PM (OR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.11, 1.68) was correlated with LBW.
Findings in this study suggest a combined impact of fine particulate matter exposure on neonatal development, which adds to the current understanding of PTB risk and health.
早产（PTB）与环境颗粒物（PM）暴露有关。然而，PTB 生理发育与 PM 暴露之间的数据有限。
2014 年 1 月至 2017 年 12 月，在嘉兴采集了妊娠各期和各季节的 PM 暴露，包括 PM 和 PM 。从出生记录中获得了父母和 3054 名 PTB（胎龄<37 周）结局的信息，如体重（g）、头围（cm）、胸围（cm）、身高（cm）和 Apgar 5 评分。我们使用广义线性模型评估了 PM、PM 及其联合暴露与 PTB 生理发育指标之间的关系。采用二项逻辑回归模型评估暴露与低出生体重（LBW，<2500g）之间的关系。
结果显示，PTB 中 LBW 婴儿占 75.5%。2014 年至 2017 年，嘉兴的 PM 和 PM 水平呈下降趋势，每年的 PM 水平均高于 PM 。整个孕期，PM 和 PM 的中位数浓度最高在冬季（61.65±0.24μg/m 与 91.65±0.29μg/m ），其次是秋季、春季和夏季，各孕期阶段存在统计学差异。调整了几个潜在因素后，我们发现整个孕期 PM 和 PM 联合暴露增加 10μg/m 与胎龄减少 0.02 周（95%CI：-0.05，-0.01）、出生体重减少 7.9g（95%CI：-13.71，-2.28）、身高增加 0.8cm（95%CI：-0.16，-0.02）、头围增加 0.05cm（95%CI：-0.08，-0.01）和 Apgar 5 评分增加 0.3（95%CI：-0.04，-0.02）有关，除了胸围。PM 和 PM 的妊娠各期暴露有时对新生儿发育有相反的影响。此外，PM（OR=1.37，95%CI：1.11，1.68）与 LBW 相关。
本研究结果表明，细颗粒物暴露对新生儿发育有综合影响，这增加了对 PTB 风险和健康的现有认识。
