Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Universidad Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Clin Psychol Psychother. 2023 Nov-Dec;30(6):1256-1263. doi: 10.1002/cpp.2897. Epub 2023 Aug 11.
This work aims to demonstrate, through the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) responses, an altered emotional pattern in borderline personality disorder (BPD) patients and to find a specific emotional response pattern by understanding their relationship with traumatic experiences and attachment bonds towards their primary caregivers.
A total of 50 BPD patients and 39 control patients were evaluated using the IAPS, and its assessment was carried out through the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM). Paternal and maternal attachment bonds as well as traumatic experiences in BPD patients were evaluated. Statistical associations were analysed in the different variables.
Significant differences between BPD and control patients were found in all emotional response components for pleasant, unpleasant and neutral images (p < .01), with one exception, the arousal in pleasant images. Patients' experience of traumatic experiences was positively related to scores on the happiness component of pleasant imagery (p = .057) and on the arousal component of unpleasant imagery (p = .058). Poorer maternal bonding in BPD patients was significantly related to lower scores on happiness (p < .01) and dominance (p < .05) components of pleasant imagery and all emotional response components for unpleasant imagery (p < .01).
The results of the study confirm an impaired emotional response pattern in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), showing an emotional response to pleasant images similar to that of depression, while the pattern found to unpleasant images could be related to the complex trauma observed in these patients, which includes PTSD experiences such as sexual abuse and attachment trauma experiences.
本研究旨在通过国际情感图片系统（IAPS）的反应，展示边缘型人格障碍（BPD）患者的情绪模式发生改变，并通过了解他们与创伤经历和与主要照顾者的依恋关系，找到特定的情绪反应模式。
共评估了 50 名 BPD 患者和 39 名对照组患者，使用 IAPS 及其评估工具自我评估情绪量表（SAM）进行评估。评估了 BPD 患者的亲子依恋关系和创伤经历。分析了不同变量之间的统计关联。
BPD 患者与对照组患者在所有愉快、不愉快和中性图像的情绪反应成分上均存在显著差异（p<.01），除了愉快图像的唤醒成分。患者的创伤经历体验与愉快图像的幸福感成分（p=.057）和不愉快图像的唤醒成分（p=.058）得分呈正相关。BPD 患者的母婴依恋关系较差与愉快图像的幸福感（p<.01）和支配感（p<.05）成分以及不愉快图像的所有情绪反应成分得分较低显著相关（p<.01）。
该研究结果证实了边缘型人格障碍（BPD）患者存在受损的情绪反应模式，他们对愉快图像的情绪反应类似于抑郁症，而对不愉快图像的反应模式可能与这些患者中观察到的复杂创伤有关，其中包括创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）经历，如性虐待和依恋创伤经历。
