Liebler-Tenorio Elisabeth M, Moog Udo, Barth StefanieA, König Patricia
Friedrich-Loeffler Institut - Bundesforschungsinstitut für Tiergesundheit (FLI), Institut für Molekulare Pathogenese, Jena.
Schaf- und Ziegengesundheitsdienst, Thüringer Tierseuchenkasse, Jena.
Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere. 2023 Jun;51(3):175-183. doi: 10.1055/a-2107-7834. Epub 2023 Aug 11.
This case report describes indurative mastitis in a herd of sheep caused by Maedi Visna virus (MVV) infection. Reduced udder formation after delivery, small, indurated udders and increased losses of lambs were observed in a herd of Dorper sheep. Examination of the mammary gland and milk did not reveal findings characteristic of chronic bacterial mastitis. The protein supply was insufficient which may have contributed to reduced milk yield, but was considered unlikely as cause for the induration of the mammary gland. Nineteen of the 21 mothers were positive for MVV by serology. Mammary gland and supramammary lymph nodes were collected in a sheep with indurated udder at the time of slaughter. Meat inspection did not reveal lesions in any other organs. One part of the mammary gland showed a mild to moderate multifocal lymphohistiocytic mastitis, the other exhibited a severe diffuse lymphohistiocytic mastitis with atrophy of the glandular acini, vasculopathy, fibrosis and calcification. MVV antigen was visualized by immunohistochemistry in macrophages, dendritic cells, epithelial cells and endothelial cells in the mammary gland, and macrophages and dendritic cells in the supramammary lymph nodes. A large amount of MVV provirus was detected in the supramammary lymph nodes and the severely indurated part of the mammary gland by PCR. In conclusion, indurative mastitis as a result of a systemic infection may occur independently of the commonly known manifestations of Maedi Visna in the lung and central nervous system. MVV should be considered as differential diagnosis in mastitis of sheep. The MVV status of the herd can be tested by serological detection of specific antibodies. Additionally, characteristic histological lesions are present in the mammary gland. MVV antigen can also be detected by immunohistochemistry and MVV provirus by PCR in the altered mammary gland and regional lymph nodes.
本病例报告描述了由梅迪 - 维斯纳病毒（MVV）感染引起的一群绵羊的硬结性乳腺炎。在一群杜泊绵羊中观察到产后乳房形成减少、乳房小且硬结以及羔羊损失增加。对乳腺和乳汁的检查未发现慢性细菌性乳腺炎的特征性表现。蛋白质供应不足可能导致产奶量降低，但被认为不太可能是乳腺硬结的原因。21只母羊中有19只血清学检测MVV呈阳性。在屠宰时，从一只乳房硬结的绵羊身上采集了乳腺和乳房上淋巴结。肉类检查未发现其他器官有病变。乳腺的一部分表现为轻度至中度多灶性淋巴细胞 - 组织细胞性乳腺炎，另一部分则表现为严重的弥漫性淋巴细胞 - 组织细胞性乳腺炎，伴有腺泡萎缩、血管病变、纤维化和钙化。通过免疫组织化学在乳腺中的巨噬细胞、树突状细胞、上皮细胞和内皮细胞以及乳房上淋巴结中的巨噬细胞和树突状细胞中观察到MVV抗原。通过PCR在乳房上淋巴结和乳腺严重硬结的部分检测到大量MVV前病毒。总之，全身性感染导致的硬结性乳腺炎可能独立于梅迪 - 维斯纳在肺部和中枢神经系统的常见表现而发生。在绵羊乳腺炎的诊断中应考虑MVV。可通过血清学检测特异性抗体来检测羊群的MVV状态。此外，乳腺中存在特征性组织学病变。在病变的乳腺和区域淋巴结中，也可通过免疫组织化学检测MVV抗原，通过PCR检测MVV前病毒。
