School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
Chemosphere. 2023 Oct;339:139755. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139755. Epub 2023 Aug 9.
In order to prevent heavy metal (HM) pollution from lead smelting slag (LSS) to the surrounding environment, this work investigated the feasibility, influencing factors, and mechanisms of using industrial solid waste such as fly ash (FA), oil sludge pyrolysis residue (PR), and steel slag (SS) as remediation amendments. The results demonstrated that the stabilization process was influenced by the material dosage, water content, and LSS particle size. Compared to single materials, the combination amendment PR2FA1 (with a mass ratio of PR to FA as 2:1) exhibited the best stabilization effect, simultaneously reducing the leaching concentrations of As, Zn, Cd, and Pb in LSS to 0.032, 0.034, 0.002, and 0.014 mg/L, respectively. The pH value of the leachate remained between 8 and 9, which met the requirements of surface water quality class IV (GB3838-2002). Through morphological analysis, microscopic characterization, and simulated solution adsorption experiments, it was determined that the stabilization process of HMs was controlled by various mechanisms, including electrostatic attraction, physical adsorption, ion exchange, and chemical precipitation. PR2FA1 had more active components, and its fine-porous structure provided more active sites, resulting in good stabilization performance for As, Zn, Cd, and Pb. Furthermore, cost analysis showed that PR2FA1, as an environmentally friendly material, could generate profits of 157.2 ¥/ton. In conclusion, the prepared PR2FA1 not only addressed the HMs pollution from lead smelting slag to the surrounding environment but also achieved the safe and resourceful disposal of hazardous waste-oil sludge. Its excellent performance in stabilizing HMs and cost-effectiveness suggested promising commercial applications.
为防止铅冶炼渣（LSS）中的重金属（HM）污染周边环境，本工作研究了利用粉煤灰（FA）、油泥热解残渣（PR）和钢渣（SS）等工业固体废物作为修复添加剂的可行性、影响因素和机理。结果表明，稳定化过程受材料用量、含水量和 LSS 粒径的影响。与单一材料相比，PR2FA1 组合添加剂（PR 与 FA 的质量比为 2:1）表现出最佳的稳定化效果，同时将 LSS 中 As、Zn、Cd 和 Pb 的浸出浓度分别降低至 0.032、0.034、0.002 和 0.014mg/L。浸出液的 pH 值保持在 8-9 之间，符合地表水环境质量Ⅳ类标准（GB3838-2002）。通过形态分析、微观特征分析和模拟溶液吸附实验，确定了 HM 的稳定化过程受静电吸引、物理吸附、离子交换和化学沉淀等多种机制的控制。PR2FA1 具有更多的活性成分，其微孔结构提供了更多的活性位点，因此对 As、Zn、Cd 和 Pb 具有良好的稳定化性能。此外，成本分析表明，PR2FA1 作为一种环保材料，每吨可产生 157.2 元的利润。总之，制备的 PR2FA1 不仅解决了铅冶炼渣对周边环境的 HM 污染问题，还实现了危险废物-油泥的安全和资源化处置。其在稳定 HM 方面的优异性能和成本效益表明其具有广阔的商业应用前景。
