Byrne C J, Keogh K, Kenny D A
Animal and Bioscience Department, Teagasc, Dunsany, Co. Meath C15 PW93, Ireland.
Animal and Bioscience Department, Teagasc, Dunsany, Co. Meath C15 PW93, Ireland; School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 F6X4, Ireland.
Animal. 2023 May;17 Suppl 1:100802. doi: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100802.
The availability of high-quality semen from genetically elite bulls is essential to support continued genetic gain and the sustainability of cattle production worldwide. While reducing the age at which usable semen is available also reduces the generation interval, it is dependent on timely onset of puberty in young bulls. There is now good evidence that hastened sexual development in bulls is achieved through enhancing nutrition in early life. This review will cover the physiological and molecular-based response to prevailing diet in key organs that orchestrate the ontogeny of sexual development in the bull calf. Given the central importance of the interaction between metabolic status and neuronal function to the progression of sexual development, we will discuss how communication between metabolic organs, reproductive organs and the brain are mediated via molecular and physiological processes. The availability of high-throughput nucleic acid and protein sequencing technologies and innovative data analytics have allowed us to improve our understanding of molecular regulation of puberty and sexual development. Analysing data from a number of organs, simultaneously, allows for a better understanding of the underlying biology and biochemical interactions that are influencing sexual development. Specifically, we can determine how early life nutritional interventions augment changes in potential key molecules regulating sexual development. Ultimately, a greater understanding of the inherent regulation of postnatal sexual development in the bull calf and how strategically targeted nutritional management can advance the ontogeny of this process, will facilitate the timely availability of high-quality semen from genetically elite animals, thus supporting more economically and environmentally sustainable beef and dairy production systems.
获得来自遗传优良公牛的高质量精液对于支持全球范围内持续的遗传进展和养牛业的可持续发展至关重要。虽然降低可用精液的获取年龄也会缩短世代间隔，但这取决于年轻公牛青春期的适时开始。现在有充分的证据表明，通过在生命早期加强营养可以加速公牛的性发育。本综述将涵盖关键器官对当前饮食的生理和分子反应，这些器官协调着公牛犊的性发育个体发生。鉴于代谢状态与神经元功能之间的相互作用对性发育进程至关重要，我们将讨论代谢器官、生殖器官和大脑之间的通讯是如何通过分子和生理过程介导的。高通量核酸和蛋白质测序技术以及创新的数据分析方法的出现，使我们能够更好地理解青春期和性发育的分子调控。同时分析来自多个器官的数据，有助于更好地理解影响性发育的潜在生物学和生化相互作用。具体而言，我们可以确定生命早期的营养干预如何增加调节性发育的潜在关键分子的变化。最终，更深入地了解公牛犊出生后性发育的内在调节机制，以及战略性针对性营养管理如何推进这一过程的个体发生，将有助于及时获得来自遗传优良动物的高质量精液，从而支持更具经济和环境可持续性的牛肉和奶牛生产系统。
