Shahnazaryan Syuzanna, Pepoyan Sergey, Sisakian Hamayak
Clinic of General and Invasive Cardiology, "Heratsi" Hospital Complex #1, Yerevan State Medical University, 2 Koryun Street, Yerevan 375025, Armenia.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Jul 31;13(15):2553. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13152553.
Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is considered a major health care problem with frequent decompensations, high hospitalization and mortality rates. In severe heart failure (HF), the symptoms are refractory to medical treatment and require advanced therapeutic strategies. Early recognition of HF sub- and decompensation is the cornerstone of the timely treatment intensification and, therefore, improvement in the prognosis. Echocardiography is the gold standard for the assessment of systolic and diastolic functions. It allows one to obtain accurate and non-invasive measurements of the ventricular function in HF. In severely compromised HF patients, advanced cardiovascular ultrasound modalities may provide a better assessment of intracardiac hemodynamic changes and subclinical congestion. Particularly, cardiovascular and lung ultrasound allow us to make a more accurate diagnosis of subclinical congestion in HFrEF. The aim of this review was to summarize the advantages and limitations of the currently available ultrasound modalities in the ambulatory monitoring of patients with HFrEF.
射血分数降低的心力衰竭（HFrEF）被认为是一个重大的医疗保健问题，常出现失代偿、高住院率和死亡率。在严重心力衰竭（HF）中，症状对药物治疗无效，需要先进的治疗策略。早期识别HF的亚临床和失代偿是及时加强治疗从而改善预后的基石。超声心动图是评估收缩和舒张功能的金标准。它能够对HF患者的心室功能进行准确且无创的测量。在严重受损的HF患者中，先进的心血管超声检查方法可能能更好地评估心内血流动力学变化和亚临床充血情况。特别是，心血管和肺部超声使我们能够更准确地诊断HFrEF中的亚临床充血。本综述的目的是总结当前可用超声检查方法在HFrEF患者门诊监测中的优缺点。
