Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 6, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jul 27;24(15):12060. doi: 10.3390/ijms241512060.
Over the past two decades, there has been increasing interest in the use of low-cost and effective sorbents in water treatment. Hybrid chitosan sorbents are potential materials for the adsorptive removal of phosphorus, which occurs in natural waters mainly in the form of orthophosphate(V). Even though there are numerous publications on this topic, the use of such sorbents in industrial water treatment and purification is limited and controversial. However, due to the explosive human population growth, the ever-increasing global demand for food has contributed to the consumption of phosphorus compounds and other biogenic elements (such as nitrogen, potassium, or sodium) in plant cultivation and animal husbandry. Therefore, the recovery and reuse of phosphorus compounds is an important issue to investigate for the development and maintenance of a circular economy. This paper characterizes the problem of the presence of excess phosphorus in water reservoirs and presents methods for the adsorptive removal of phosphate(V) from water matrices using chitosan composites. Additionally, we compare the impact of modifications, structure, and form of chitosan composites on the efficiency of phosphate ion removal and adsorption capacity. The state of knowledge regarding the mechanism of adsorption is detailed, and the results of research on the desorption of phosphates are described.
在过去的二十年中，人们对在水处理中使用低成本且有效的吸附剂越来越感兴趣。壳聚糖基复合材料是一种很有前途的吸附材料，可以用于去除水中的磷，而磷在天然水中主要以正磷酸盐(V)的形式存在。尽管关于这个主题有很多出版物，但这种吸附剂在工业水处理和净化中的应用有限，并且存在争议。然而，由于人口的爆炸式增长，全球对食品的需求不断增加，导致在植物栽培和畜牧业中磷化合物和其他生物元素（如氮、钾或钠）的消耗增加。因此，回收和再利用磷化合物是发展和维持循环经济需要研究的一个重要问题。本文描述了水库中过量磷的存在问题，并介绍了使用壳聚糖复合材料从水基质中吸附去除正磷酸盐(V)的方法。此外，我们比较了壳聚糖复合材料的修饰、结构和形式对去除磷酸根离子效率和吸附容量的影响。详细描述了吸附机理的研究现状，并介绍了对磷酸盐解吸的研究结果。
