Soto Acosta María E, Perea Mario, Ruiz Ana I, Hilal Mirna, Albornoz Patricia L, Isla María I
CEVIR and Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, Av. Belgrano 300, San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca K4700CTK, Catamarca, Argentina.
Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (IBIOFIV, UNT-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, San Lorenzo 1469, San Miguel de Tucumán T4000CBG, Tucumán, Argentina.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jul 26;12(15):2774. doi: 10.3390/plants12152774.
The Cactaceae family makes use of different strategies, both physiological and biochemical, for anatomical adjustments that allow them to grow and reproduce in arid environments. Morphological studies of have been scarce, and the anatomy and phytochemistry are still largely unknown. The aim of the present work was to analyze the structural, physiological, and biochemical features of and , two endemic species of arid regions in Argentina. The anatomic structure, biomass, and photosynthetic pigments, as well as phenolic compound contents, were analyzed in the stem, spine, and root of both species. showed stems with deeper substomatal chambers and a more developed photosynthetic tissue than . The spines of showed higher biomass, thicker epidermal and subepidermal cell walls, and a higher content of phenolic compounds than those of . Ectomycorrhizae were observed for the first time in roots in both species. Roots of showed high colonization, biomass, and content of phenolic compounds. Both species showed abundant mucilaginous fibers in the stem and root. Finally, these results show the strategies associated with the survival in xeric environments of two cacti species at risk of extinction. They could be useful for the development of ex situ conservation programs.
仙人掌科利用多种生理和生化策略进行解剖结构调整，使其能够在干旱环境中生长和繁殖。对其形态学的研究较少，其解剖学和植物化学仍 largely未知。本研究的目的是分析阿根廷干旱地区的两种特有物种[具体物种名未给出]和[具体物种名未给出]的结构、生理和生化特征。对这两个物种的茎、刺和根的解剖结构、生物量、光合色素以及酚类化合物含量进行了分析。[具体物种名未给出1]的茎气孔下室比[具体物种名未给出2]更深，光合组织更发达。[具体物种名未给出1]的刺比[具体物种名未给出2]的刺生物量更高、表皮和亚表皮细胞壁更厚，酚类化合物含量更高。在这两个物种的根中首次观察到外生菌根。[具体物种名未给出1]的根定殖率、生物量和酚类化合物含量都很高。这两个物种的茎和根中都有丰富的粘液纤维。最后，这些结果显示了两种濒危仙人掌物种在干旱环境中生存所采用的策略。它们可能有助于制定迁地保护计划。
