Xiang Simeng, Tang Bin, Feng Jiao, Lin Xiang, Liu Feng, Yang Hongyu, Feng Xiaming, Wan Chaojun
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400044, China.
Macromol Rapid Commun. 2023 Nov;44(21):e2300358. doi: 10.1002/marc.202300358. Epub 2023 Aug 21.
Flame retardant treatment of epoxy resins (EP) to reduce their flammability for extending their range of applications attracts considerable attention. However, the synthesis process of conventional flame retardants is complicated and involves organic hazardous solvents. Meanwhile, how to ensure both the flame-retardant and mechanical properties is a long-standing and actual difficult problem. In this work, a supramolecular flame retardant (named ATPFR) is facilely created by one-pot reaction, using cheap and accessible raw materials in an ecologically benign aqueous solvent. ATPFR is applied to improve the fire safety of EP. With only 5 wt% ATPFR addition, EP can reach the limiting oxygen index of 28.5% and the UL-94 V-0 rating with a significant "blow-out effect." The cone calorimetry test reveals that the EP thermoset with 5 wt% ATPFR has a 75.8% reduction in the peak heat release rate (p-HRR) and a 67.3% reduction in the peak smoke production rate (p-SPR), respectively, compared with the pure EP. Additionally, EP composites with the small amount of ATPFR exhibit a slight decrease and maintain good mechanical properties. Therefore, the facile synthesis and application of this supramolecular flame retardant provide a reliable way for the construction of polymer materials with environment-friendly and effective flame-retardant system.
对环氧树脂（EP）进行阻燃处理以降低其可燃性从而扩大其应用范围引起了广泛关注。然而，传统阻燃剂的合成过程复杂且涉及有机有害溶剂。同时，如何兼顾阻燃性能和机械性能是一个长期存在的实际难题。在这项工作中，通过一锅法反应，使用廉价易得的原料在生态友好的水性溶剂中简便地制备了一种超分子阻燃剂（命名为ATPFR）。将ATPFR用于提高EP的消防安全性能。仅添加5 wt%的ATPFR，EP就能达到28.5%的极限氧指数和UL-94 V-0等级，并具有显著的“自熄效应”。锥形量热法测试表明，与纯EP相比，添加5 wt% ATPFR的EP热固性材料的峰值热释放速率（p-HRR）分别降低了75.8%，峰值烟生成速率（p-SPR）降低了67.3%。此外，含有少量ATPFR的EP复合材料的机械性能略有下降但仍保持良好。因此，这种超分子阻燃剂的简便合成及应用为构建具有环境友好且有效的阻燃体系的聚合物材料提供了一条可靠途径。
