Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Amhara, Ethiopia.
School of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Vet Med Sci. 2023 Sep;9(5):2160-2167. doi: 10.1002/vms3.1243. Epub 2023 Aug 12.
Despite the expansion of modernized poultry farming in Ethiopia, the presence of high prevalence of Eimeria species is the bottleneck in the sector causing high morbidity and mortality rate in poultry.
The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence and identify Eimeria species and investigate the major risk factors.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2019 to April 2020 in East Gojjam Zone, North West Ethiopia. A total of 384 chickens were used. Both floatation and McMaster coprological techniques were employed. Univariate and multinomial logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio for the associated risk factors. Analysis of variance was used to analyse differences in Eimeria oocyst counts among the groups.
Overall prevalence of Eimeria species in poultry from the study area was 26.5%. Age (OR = 0.25, p = 0.001), management system (OR = 12.44, p = 0.001) and production system (OR = 0.37, p = 0.001) were found significantly (p < 0.05) associated with the risk of Eimeria species in poultry. The mean Eimeria oocyst count was significantly different by age and management system (F = 6.526, p = 0.002), (F = 5.369, p = 0.005), respectively. The mean Eimeria oocyst count was significantly greater in 6-12 weeks (p = 0.004) and <6 weeks of age (p = 0.025). A total of 6 Eimeria species were identified. Eimeria tenella (46.07%), Eimeria necatrix (24.5%) and Eimeria acervulina (8.82%) were the most common Eimeria species encountered.
The prevalence of Eimeria species was higher in poultry in North West Ethiopia. Therefore, tailor-made intervention is required to mitigate risk factors and reduce the prevalence of Eimeria species in poultry from the study area.
尽管埃塞俄比亚现代化家禽养殖业不断扩大，但艾美尔球虫属的高流行率仍是该行业的瓶颈，导致家禽发病率和死亡率居高不下。
本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西北部地区家禽艾美尔球虫属的流行率和种类，并调查主要风险因素。
本横断面研究于 2019 年 11 月至 2020 年 4 月在埃塞俄比亚西北东戈贾姆地区进行。共使用了 384 只鸡。采用漂浮和麦克马斯特粪便检查技术。使用单变量和多项逻辑回归计算相关风险因素的优势比。方差分析用于分析各组间艾美尔球虫卵囊计数的差异。
研究地区禽中艾美尔球虫属的总流行率为 26.5%。年龄（OR=0.25，p=0.001）、管理系统（OR=12.44，p=0.001）和生产系统（OR=0.37，p=0.001）与禽中艾美尔球虫属的风险显著相关（p<0.05）。艾美尔球虫卵囊计数按年龄和管理系统的平均值差异显著（F=6.526，p=0.002）、（F=5.369，p=0.005）。6-12 周龄（p=0.004）和<6 周龄（p=0.025）的艾美尔球虫卵囊计数明显更高。共鉴定出 6 种艾美尔球虫。最常见的艾美尔球虫为柔嫩艾美尔球虫（46.07%）、毒害艾美尔球虫（24.5%）和堆型艾美尔球虫（8.82%）。
埃塞俄比亚西北部地区家禽中艾美尔球虫属的流行率较高。因此，需要采取有针对性的干预措施来减轻风险因素，降低研究地区家禽艾美尔球虫属的流行率。
