Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China.
J Affect Disord. 2023 Nov 1;340:516-522. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.049. Epub 2023 Aug 10.
There was a high comorbidity rate of major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), showing a poor prognosis and significant detrimental impact on functioning. The study aimed to find whether patients with comorbid GAD and MDD had some differences in cognitive functions from patients with MDD or GAD alone.
360 adult patients were enrolled from inpatient department of psychiatry from 2020 to 2022. They were divided into three groups with 120 patients for each group: MDD, GAD, and MDD + GAD. All the patients completed psychological evaluation scales including patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and 7-item generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7). All the patients underwent examinations of auditory brainstem response and event-related potentials (ERPs).
In MDD + GAD group, P3b latency was significantly longer than patients with MDD alone, and P300 reaction time was positively correlated with total score of GAD-7 and PHQ-9, and PHQ-9 total score was also significantly positively correlated with P2-P3b amplitude (all p < 0.05). In addition, MDD patients had significantly longer P300 reaction time and lower P2-P3b amplitude than the GAD group (p < 0.05).
It was a single-center and cross-sectional study, and we used self-report scales as assessment tools.
Patients with MDD and GAD comorbidity might have a worse cognitive function than MDD patients, and the severity of cognitive impairments was positively correlated with the severity of anxiety and depression symptoms.
重度抑郁症（MDD）和广泛性焦虑症（GAD）共病率较高，预后较差，对功能有显著的不利影响。本研究旨在探讨共病 GAD 和 MDD 的患者在认知功能方面是否与单纯 MDD 或 GAD 患者存在差异。
2020 年至 2022 年期间，我们从精神科住院部招募了 360 名成年患者。他们被分为三组，每组 120 名患者：MDD、GAD 和 MDD+GAD。所有患者均完成了心理评估量表，包括患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）和 7 项广泛性焦虑症（GAD-7）。所有患者均接受了听觉脑干反应和事件相关电位（ERPs）检查。
在 MDD+GAD 组中，P3b 潜伏期明显长于单纯 MDD 患者，P300 反应时间与 GAD-7 和 PHQ-9 总分呈正相关，PHQ-9 总分与 P2-P3b 振幅也呈显著正相关（均 p<0.05）。此外，MDD 患者的 P300 反应时间明显长于 GAD 组，P2-P3b 振幅明显低于 GAD 组（均 p<0.05）。
这是一项单中心、横断面研究，我们使用了自我报告量表作为评估工具。
MDD 和 GAD 共病患者的认知功能可能比 MDD 患者更差，认知障碍的严重程度与焦虑和抑郁症状的严重程度呈正相关。
