Research Associate-I, Indian Council of Medical Research - Centre for Ageing & Mental Health, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Assistant Professor and Head, Department of Anthropology, Gurucharan College, Silchar, Assam.
Ethiop J Health Sci. 2023 May;33(3):479-490. doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i3.11.
Undernutrition in children seems to be one of the major health issues in developing nations including India. Stunting, underweight, and wasting are the three most often used anthropometric indicators to evaluate childhood undernutrition. Children who exhibit one or more indicators of undernutrition are considered as anthropometric failure (AF). The present study aims to determine the distribution and determinants of anthropometric failure in children under the age of five in different regions of India.
NFHS-5 data, collected between 2019 and 2021, were utilized for the study. Pearson's chi-square (χ) test was used to look into the association between categorical variables. Binary logistic regression was used to find the explanatory factors that influence anthropometric failure.
More than half of the under-five children (52.18%) in India are suffering from anthropometric failure, out of these West (57.88%), East (56.58%), and Central (53.94%) regions have covered half of the total occurrence. State-wise, Bihar (61.66%), followed by Gujarat (60.26%), and Jharkhand (58.05%) have recorded the highest rates of anthropometric failure. Anthropometric failure is higher among anemic children, boys, parent not alives, the higher number of birth order, lower educated mothers, rural dwellers, belonging to scheduled tribes and scheduled castes communities, living in nuclear families, and having lower household wealth indexes than their other counterparts.
These aspects imply that regional determinants should be taken into consideration when implementing child nutrition development programs.
发展中国家，包括印度，儿童营养不良似乎是主要健康问题之一。发育迟缓、体重不足和消瘦是评估儿童营养不良的三种最常用的人体测量指标。表现出一种或多种营养不良指标的儿童被认为是人体测量失败（AF）。本研究旨在确定印度不同地区五岁以下儿童的人体测量失败的分布和决定因素。
本研究使用了 2019 年至 2021 年期间收集的 NFHS-5 数据。使用皮尔逊卡方（χ）检验来研究分类变量之间的关联。使用二元逻辑回归来发现影响人体测量失败的解释因素。
印度超过一半（52.18%）的五岁以下儿童患有人体测量失败，其中西部（57.88%）、东部（56.58%）和中部（53.94%）地区占总发生率的一半。在邦一级，比哈尔邦（61.66%），其次是古吉拉特邦（60.26%）和恰尔康得邦（58.05%）记录了最高的人体测量失败率。贫血儿童、男孩、父母双亡、出生顺序较高、母亲受教育程度较低、农村居民、属于在册部落和在册种姓社区、生活在核心家庭以及家庭财富指数低于其他人群的儿童，人体测量失败的风险更高。
这些方面表明，在实施儿童营养发展计划时，应考虑区域决定因素。
