Amam Amam, Jadmiko Mochammad Wildan, Harsitax Pradiptya Ayu, Sjofjan Osfar, Adli Danung Nur
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Jember, East Java, Indonesia.
Department of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
Vet World. 2023 Jun;16(6):1238-1245. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1238-1245. Epub 2023 Jun 8.
Developing simple, cost-efficient sheep feed will improve farmers' incomes. Including coffee skin in feed offers the most technical method of increasing sheep weight gain. This study aimed to evaluate varying proportions of ensiled coffee skin replacing dried water spinach and determine the optimal combination for the growth performance, physiological and hematological profiles, and rumen fluid of sheep.
Eighty-four animals were randomly allocated to the treatments, arranged in a randomized block design using the initial weight as a block. Seven treatment diets were adjusted and a 12-animal replication was used for each treatment. The treatments were as follows: T0: 30% maize stover, 30% dried water spinach, 5% pollard, 20% coffee skin; T1: 30% maize stover, 25% dried water spinach, 5% pollard, 5% ensiled coffee skin; T2: 30% maize stover, 20% dried water spinach, 5% pollard, 10% ensiled coffee skin; T3: 30% maize stover, 15% dried water spinach, 5% pollard, 15% ensiled coffee skin; T4: 30% maize stover, 10% dried water spinach, 5% pollard, 20% ensiled coffee skin; T5: 30% maize stover, 5% dried water spinach, 5% pollard, 25% ensiled coffee skin; T6: 30% maize stover, 5% pollard, and 30% ensiled coffee skin. The sheep were reared for 70 days.The parameters observed during the early stage included growth performance (initial body weight, LW gain, final body weight, and feed intake). At the end of periods, a representative sample of ruminal fluid (approximately 150 mL) was collected from slaughtered sheep, duplicated, and then incubated for 18 h and blood samples were collected from the sheep (jugular vein) in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tubes. Then, used to analyze various blood biochemical parameters.
The final body weights showed a linear curve increasing as the treatment increased (p < 0.05). The ensiled coffee skin tended to increase at 6 h incubation time, producing reduced methane gas (p < 0.05). However, in general, the use of ensiled coffee skin did not significantly alter the blood biochemistry of crossbreed sheep (p > 0.05). There was no significant effect on the protozoal population (p > 0.05).
Increasing the level of ensiled coffee skin up to 30% replacing dried water spinach increased the final body weight of crossbreed sheep with no adverse effect.
开发简单且经济高效的绵羊饲料将提高农民收入。在饲料中添加咖啡皮是增加绵羊体重最具技术可行性的方法。本研究旨在评估不同比例的青贮咖啡皮替代干水菠菜的效果，并确定对绵羊生长性能、生理和血液学指标以及瘤胃液的最佳组合。
84只动物被随机分配到各处理组，采用初始体重作为区组进行随机区组设计。调整了七种处理日粮，每个处理重复12只动物。处理如下：T0：30%玉米秸秆、30%干水菠菜、5%麸皮、20%咖啡皮；T1：30%玉米秸秆、25%干水菠菜、5%麸皮、5%青贮咖啡皮；T2：30%玉米秸秆、20%干水菠菜、5%麸皮、10%青贮咖啡皮；T3：30%玉米秸秆、15%干水菠菜、5%麸皮、15%青贮咖啡皮；T4：30%玉米秸秆、10%干水菠菜、5%麸皮、20%青贮咖啡皮；T5：30%玉米秸秆、5%干水菠菜、5%麸皮、25%青贮咖啡皮；T6：30%玉米秸秆、5%麸皮、30%青贮咖啡皮。绵羊饲养70天。早期观察的参数包括生长性能（初始体重、体重增加、最终体重和采食量）。在饲养期结束时，从屠宰的绵羊中采集代表性瘤胃液样本（约150 mL），进行双份采集，然后孵育18小时，并从绵羊颈静脉采集血液样本于乙二胺四乙酸管中。随后用于分析各种血液生化参数。
最终体重随处理水平增加呈线性曲线上升（p < 0.05）。青贮咖啡皮在孵育6小时时倾向于增加，产生的甲烷气体减少（p < 0.05）。然而，总体而言，使用青贮咖啡皮对杂交绵羊的血液生化指标无显著影响（p > 0.05）。对原生动物数量无显著影响（p > 0.05）。
将青贮咖啡皮水平提高至30%替代干水菠菜可增加杂交绵羊的最终体重，且无不良影响。
