Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
Department of Surgery, Assab Military Hospital, Assab, Eritrea.
J Ultrasound Med. 2023 Dec;42(12):2897-2904. doi: 10.1002/jum.16318. Epub 2023 Aug 14.
Deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) is a subperitoneal intrusion of endometrial tissue. Resulting endometrial nodules may develop on the uterosacral ligament, urinary tract, rectovaginal, and retrocervical areas, and less commonly in the urinary bladder, thoracic, and neural regions. Genetics, age, and environmental factors determine the progression of the disease. DIE manifests with numerous symptoms, which are similar to unrelated diseases, namely dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, urinary tract infections, and infertility. Transvaginal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and physical examination may detect and differentiate endometriosis lesions from other diseases. Its clinical management typically involves laparoscopic surgery and hormonal therapy. These are designed to improve the quality of life and to address individual reproductive goals. This pictorial essay aims to provide clinical cases to highlight the characteristic radiological findings in each diagnostic modality and in addition to elucidate the current clinical management of DIE.
深部浸润型子宫内膜异位症（DIE）是一种子宫内膜组织的腹膜下浸润。由此产生的子宫内膜结节可能发生在子宫骶骨韧带、泌尿道、直肠阴道和宫颈后区域，在膀胱、胸部和神经区域则较为少见。遗传、年龄和环境因素决定了疾病的进展。DIE 表现出许多症状，这些症状与无关疾病相似，即痛经、性交困难、尿路感染和不孕。经阴道超声、磁共振成像、计算机断层扫描和体格检查可检测和区分子宫内膜异位症病变与其他疾病。其临床管理通常包括腹腔镜手术和激素治疗。这些旨在提高生活质量，并解决个体的生殖目标。本影像学专题文章旨在提供临床病例，以突出每种诊断方式的特征性放射学发现，并阐明 DIE 的当前临床管理。
