Provencher Jennifer F, Wilcox Alana A E, Gibbs Samantha, Howes Lesley-Anne, Mallory Mark L, Pybus Margo, Ramey Andrew M, Reed Eric T, Sharp Chris M, Soos Catherine, Stasiak Iga, Leafloor Jim O
Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
Wildlife Health Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Lower Suwannee National Wildlife Refuge, 16450 NW 31st Place, Chiefland, Florida 32626, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 2023 Oct 1;59(4):590-600. doi: 10.7589/JWD-D-22-00163.
A Eurasian lineage highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) of the clade 2.3.4.4b (Goose/Guangdong lineage) was detected in migratory bird populations in North America in December 2021, and it, along with its reassortants, have since caused wild and domestic bird outbreaks across the continent. Relative to previous outbreaks, HPAIV cases among wild birds in 2022 exhibited wider geographic extent within North America and higher levels of mortality, suggesting the potential for population-level impacts. Given the possible conservation implications of HPAIV in wild birds, natural resource managers have sought guidance on actions that may mitigate negative effects of disease among North American bird populations, including modification of existing management practices. Banding of waterfowl is a critical tool for population management for several harvested species in North America, but some banding techniques, such as bait trapping, can lead to increased congregation of waterfowl, potentially altering HPAIV transmission. We used an expert opinion exercise to assess how bait trapping of dabbling ducks in Canada may influence HPAIV transmission and wild bird health. The expert group found that it is moderately likely that bait trapping of dabbling ducks in wetlands will significantly increase the transmission of HPAIV among individual ducks, but there is a low probability that this will result in significant population-level effects on North American dabbling ducks. Considering the lack of empirical work studying how capture and handling methods may change transmission of HPAIV among waterfowl, as well as the importance of bait trapping for waterfowl management in North America, future work should focus on filling knowledge gaps pertaining to the influence of baiting on HPAIV occurrence to better inform banding procedures and management decision making.
2021年12月，在北美候鸟种群中检测到一种2.3.4.4b分支（鹅/广东谱系）的欧亚血统高致病性禽流感病毒（HPAIV），自那时起，它及其重配病毒在整个大陆引发了野生和家养鸟类疫情。与之前的疫情相比，2022年野生鸟类中的HPAIV病例在北美境内的地理范围更广，死亡率更高，这表明可能对种群产生影响。鉴于HPAIV对野生鸟类可能产生的保护影响，自然资源管理者一直在寻求有关行动的指导，以减轻疾病对北美鸟类种群的负面影响，包括修改现有管理做法。给野鸭戴环志是北美几种可捕猎物种种群管理的关键工具，但一些戴环志技术，如诱饵诱捕，可能会导致野鸭聚集增加，从而可能改变HPAIV的传播。我们通过一次专家意见调查，评估在加拿大对涉禽进行诱饵诱捕可能如何影响HPAIV传播和野生鸟类健康。专家组发现，在湿地对涉禽进行诱饵诱捕很有可能会显著增加HPAIV在个体野鸭之间的传播，但导致对北美涉禽种群产生显著种群水平影响的可能性较低。考虑到缺乏关于捕获和处理方法如何改变HPAIV在水禽中传播的实证研究，以及诱饵诱捕对北美水禽管理的重要性，未来的工作应侧重于填补与诱饵对HPAIV发生的影响相关的知识空白，以便更好地为戴环志程序和管理决策提供信息。
