From the Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (VTL).
J Addict Med. 2023;17(4):e224-e231. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000001135. Epub 2023 Jan 6.
The aims of the study are to evaluate community pharmacists' knowledge and perceptions regarding buprenorphine for opioid use disorder and their willingness to dispense buprenorphine and to identify opportunities for education.
An electronic survey of Michigan pharmacists (n = 11,123) assessed demographics, training, buprenorphine knowledge, dispensing, perceptions of stigma, diversion, and confidence in patient/provider interactions. Composite scores for knowledge, stigma, diversion, and confidence were calculated. Cross-tabulations and logistic regressions examined associations.
There were 775 surveys returned (response 7%, n = 11,123) with 390 community pharmacists completing the survey. Twenty-five percent practiced in a rural area. Common practice sites were chain or independent pharmacies (30% each). Ninety-seven percent had buprenorphine training, 50% from Accredited Continuing Pharmacy Education. Eighty percent reported that their pharmacy dispensed buprenorphine with 90% of rural pharmacists compared with 71% urban responding yes. Composite knowledge scores did not differ between urban or rural location ( P > 0.05). Predictors of willingness to dispense buprenorphine were urban location (odds ratio, OR, 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.34-0.91; P = 0.01), independent pharmacy (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.30-0.94; P = 0.03), Accredited Continuing Pharmacy Education training (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.34-0.87; P = 0.01), low stigma/diversion (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.37-0.70; P = 0.00), and confidence in patient/provider interactions (OR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.10-0.19; P = 0.00).
Most survey pharmacists practice at pharmacies that dispense buprenorphine for opioid use disorder, with a larger proportion from rural pharmacies reporting availability. Pharmacists at independent pharmacies in urban locations have increased willingness to dispense buprenorphine, with urban pharmacists having lower perceptions of diversion compared with rural. Differences in buprenorphine availability, pharmacist willingness to dispense, and perceptions are opportunities for education. Limitations include one state, response bias, self-assessed competencies, and small samples.
本研究旨在评估社区药剂师对丁丙诺啡治疗阿片类药物使用障碍的知识和看法，以及他们配药的意愿，并确定教育机会。
对密歇根州药剂师（n=11123）进行了一项电子调查，评估了人口统计学、培训、丁丙诺啡知识、配药、污名化、转售和对患者/提供者互动的信心。计算了知识、污名、转售和信心的综合评分。交叉表和逻辑回归检验了关联。
共收到 775 份调查回复（回复率为 7%，n=11123），其中 390 名社区药剂师完成了调查。25%的人在农村地区执业。常见的执业地点是连锁或独立药房（各占 30%）。97%的人接受过丁丙诺啡培训，其中 50%来自认可的继续教育学分。80%的人报告说他们的药店配了丁丙诺啡，其中 90%的农村药剂师和 71%的城市药剂师回答“是”。城乡地区的综合知识得分无差异（P>0.05）。愿意配丁丙诺啡的预测因素是城市地点（优势比，OR，0.55；95%置信区间[CI]，0.34-0.91；P=0.01）、独立药房（OR，0.53；95%CI，0.30-0.94；P=0.03）、认可的继续教育学分培训（OR，0.54；95%CI，0.34-0.87；P=0.01）、低污名/转售（OR，0.51；95%CI，0.37-0.70；P=0.00）和对患者/提供者互动的信心（OR，0.14；95%CI，0.10-0.19；P=0.00）。
大多数接受调查的药剂师在为阿片类药物使用障碍配药的药店执业，其中更大比例的农村药店报告了丁丙诺啡的供应情况。城市独立药房的药剂师更愿意配丁丙诺啡，与农村药剂师相比，城市药剂师对转售的看法较低。丁丙诺啡供应、药剂师配药意愿和看法的差异为教育提供了机会。限制因素包括一个州、应答偏差、自我评估能力和小样本。
