Kim Erin J, Bustos Valeria P, Lee Bernard T
Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
J Craniofac Surg. 2023 Oct 1;34(7):1927-1930. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000009582. Epub 2023 Aug 15.
Facial trauma comprises a significant portion of injuries that occur each year in the United States, with injuries ranging from lacerations to complex facial fractures. This study aims to provide a broad epidemiologic overview of facial trauma in the United States to direct preventative safety measures.
A cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database to identify the weighted national incidence of facial injuries from 2017 to 2021. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was used to compare the demographics of patients, the settings where the injury occurred, and the products resulting in the injury.
A total of 8,465,538 out of 64,312,132 weighted encounters involved facial injuries. Less than 10 years was the highest-represented age group (36.8%). The most frequent disposition was treated and released (91.1%), with increasing age associated with higher rates of hospitalization (odds ratio: 1.04, P < 0.001). Cases predominantly occurred at home (49.0%), and the most common type of injury was laceration (36.5%). At-home injuries increased with age, comprising 39.2% of facial injuries for 21 to 40 years, 52.0% for 41 to 64 years, and 58.0% for older than 65 years. Building structures (21.4%) were the most prevalent source of injury, composed predominantly of floors (58.3%) and ceilings and walls (10.4%).
There is an understated burden of at-home facial injuries across all age groups, beyond the pediatric and geriatric population. Fall prevention and home environmental hazards education could benefit all ages, reducing the incidence of facial trauma.
面部创伤在美国每年发生的伤害中占很大比例，损伤范围从撕裂伤到复杂的面部骨折。本研究旨在提供美国面部创伤的广泛流行病学概述，以指导预防性安全措施。
利用国家电子伤害监测系统数据库进行横断面研究，以确定2017年至2021年面部损伤的加权全国发病率。使用描述性和推断性统计分析来比较患者的人口统计学特征、受伤发生的环境以及导致受伤的产品。
在64312132次加权就诊中，共有8465538次涉及面部损伤。年龄小于10岁是占比最高的年龄组（36.8%）。最常见的处置方式是治疗后出院（91.1%），年龄增加与住院率升高相关（优势比：1.04，P<0.001）。病例主要发生在家中（49.0%），最常见的损伤类型是撕裂伤（36.5%）。在家中发生的损伤随年龄增加而增加，21至40岁的面部损伤中占39.2%，41至64岁的占52.0%，65岁以上的占58.0%。建筑结构（21.4%）是最主要的受伤来源，主要由地板（58.3%）以及天花板和墙壁（10.4%）组成。
除了儿童和老年人群体，所有年龄组在家中发生面部损伤的负担都被低估了。预防跌倒和家庭环境危害教育可能使所有年龄段受益，降低面部创伤的发生率。
