Zhu Wenbin, Zhao Nan, Liu Wenbo, Guo Ruyue, Jin Hangbiao
Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources for Key Fishing Grounds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316021, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 10;903:166186. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166186. Epub 2023 Aug 13.
Presence of microplastics (MPs) in Antarctic ecosystems has attracted global attention, due to the potential threat to the Antarctic marine organisms. However, data on the occurrence of MPs in Antarctic fishes remains very limited. This study investigated the abundance and characteristics of MPs in four species of Antarctic fish (n = 114). The highest mean abundance of MPs was detected in Trematomus eulepidotus (1.7 ± 0.61 items/individual), followed by that in Chionodraco rastrospinosus (1.4 ± 0.26 items/individual), Notolepis coatsi (1.1 ± 0.57 items/individual), and Electrona carlsbergi (0.72 ± 0.19 items/individual). MPs in Notolepis coatsi (mean 747 μm) had the highest mean size, followed by that in Trematomus eulepidotus (653 μm), Chionodraco rastrospinosus (629 μm), and Electrona carlsbergi (473 μm). This is possibly attributed to the feeding habits and egestion behaviors of different Antarctic fishes. Fiber was consistently the predominant shape of MPs in Trematomus eulepidotus, Chionodraco rastrospinosus, and Electrona carlsbergi, accounting for 82 %, 76 %, and 60 % of total items of MPs, respectively. Polypropylene, polyamide, and polyethylene were the predominant polymer composition of MPs in Antarctic fishes, collectively contributed 63-86 % of total items of MPs. This may be because these types of MPs have been widely used in global household materials. To our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive study examining the occurrence of MPs in Antarctic fishes. This study provides fundamental data for evaluating the risks of MP exposure for Antarctic fishes.
由于对南极海洋生物存在潜在威胁，南极生态系统中微塑料（MPs）的存在已引起全球关注。然而，关于南极鱼类中微塑料存在情况的数据仍然非常有限。本研究调查了四种南极鱼类（n = 114）中微塑料的丰度和特征。在小鳞犬牙南极鱼中检测到的微塑料平均丰度最高（1.7±0.61个/个体），其次是棘突南极鱼（1.4±0.26个/个体）、科氏裸南极鱼（1.1±0.57个/个体）和卡氏眶灯鱼（0.72±0.19个/个体）。科氏裸南极鱼中的微塑料平均尺寸最大（平均747μm），其次是小鳞犬牙南极鱼（653μm）、棘突南极鱼（629μm）和卡氏眶灯鱼（473μm）。这可能归因于不同南极鱼类的摄食习性和排泄行为。在小鳞犬牙南极鱼、棘突南极鱼和卡氏眶灯鱼中，纤维始终是微塑料的主要形状，分别占微塑料总数的82%、76%和60%。聚丙烯、聚酰胺和聚乙烯是南极鱼类中微塑料的主要聚合物成分，共同占微塑料总数的63 - 86%。这可能是因为这些类型的微塑料已广泛应用于全球家居用品中。据我们所知，这是关于南极鱼类中微塑料存在情况的最全面研究。本研究为评估南极鱼类微塑料暴露风险提供了基础数据。
