Hsu Wen-Ching, Tsai Hsiu-Hsin, Weng Li-Cheng, Wang Yi-Wen
Department of General Surgery, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.
School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
Int J Older People Nurs. 2023 Nov;18(6):e12566. doi: 10.1111/opn.12566. Epub 2023 Aug 15.
Understanding the experience of eating for nursing home residents with dysphagia is essential for developing effective and holistic compensatory intervention programmes for older adults with dysphagia. However, there is a lack of studies on the experience of eating for older adults with dysphagia, especially for individuals in Asian cultures.
This study aimed to understand the experience of eating for older nursing home residents who have difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), which is often a problem for this population.
This qualitative descriptive study recruited older nursing home residents with dysphagia from facilities in central Taiwan. Residents were recruited by purposive sampling. Data were collected through individual in-depth semistructured face-to-face interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed interview data were analysed with content analysis.
A total of 20 residents participated in the study; the mean age was 78.7 years (standard deviation = 8.54 years); male and female residents were equally represented. The main core theme describing the experience of eating for nursing home residents with dysphagia was irregular coughing, which often occurred spontaneously. Three subthemes described how residents responded: making adjustments to eating and swallowing, receiving assistance from NH staff and fear of eating.
Our findings can serve as an evidence-based reference for clinical care aimed at nursing home residents with dysphagia. Support programmes that provide safe swallowing skills and emotional support for managing dysphagia are recommended.
Nursing home residents with dysphagia should receive interventions focussed on self-supporting care, training in swallowing skills and emotional support.
了解吞咽困难的养老院居民的进食体验对于为吞咽困难的老年人制定有效且全面的代偿性干预方案至关重要。然而，目前缺乏关于吞咽困难老年人进食体验的研究，尤其是针对亚洲文化背景下的个体。
本研究旨在了解吞咽困难的老年养老院居民的进食体验，吞咽困难在这一人群中是一个常见问题。
这项定性描述性研究从台湾中部的养老院招募了吞咽困难的老年居民。通过目的抽样法招募居民。通过个人深入的半结构化面对面访谈收集数据。访谈进行录音，对转录的访谈数据进行内容分析。
共有20名居民参与了研究；平均年龄为78.7岁（标准差 = 8.54岁）；男女居民比例均衡。描述吞咽困难的养老院居民进食体验的主要核心主题是经常自发出现的不规则咳嗽。三个子主题描述了居民的应对方式：调整进食和吞咽方式、接受养老院工作人员的帮助以及对进食的恐惧。
我们的研究结果可为针对吞咽困难养老院居民的临床护理提供循证参考。建议提供安全吞咽技能和吞咽困难管理情感支持的支持方案。
吞咽困难的养老院居民应接受侧重于自我支持护理、吞咽技能培训和情感支持的干预措施。
