Musciotto Federico, Dobon Begoña, Greenacre Michael, Mira Alex, Chaudhary Nikhil, Salali Gul Deniz, Gerbault Pascale, Schlaepfer Rodolph, Astete Leonora H, Ngales Marilyn, Gomez-Gardenes Jesus, Latora Vito, Battiston Federico, Bertranpetit Jaume, Vinicius Lucio, Migliano Andrea Bamberg
Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Department of Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Evol Hum Sci. 2023 Feb 23;5:e9. doi: 10.1017/ehs.2023.4. eCollection 2023.
Here we investigate the effects of extensive sociality and mobility on the oral microbiome of 138 Agta hunter-gatherers from the Philippines. Our comparisons of microbiome composition showed that the Agta are more similar to Central African BaYaka hunter-gatherers than to neighbouring farmers. We also defined the Agta social microbiome as a set of 137 oral bacteria (only 7% of 1980 amplicon sequence variants) significantly influenced by social contact (quantified through wireless sensors of short-range interactions). We show that large interaction networks including strong links between close kin, spouses and even unrelated friends can significantly predict bacterial transmission networks across Agta camps. Finally, we show that more central individuals to social networks are also bacterial supersharers. We conclude that hunter-gatherer social microbiomes are predominantly pathogenic and were shaped by evolutionary tradeoffs between extensive sociality and disease spread.
在此，我们研究了广泛的社交性和流动性对来自菲律宾的138名阿格塔狩猎采集者口腔微生物群的影响。我们对微生物群组成的比较表明，阿格塔人与中非巴亚卡狩猎采集者的相似性高于与邻近农民的相似性。我们还将阿格塔社会微生物群定义为一组137种口腔细菌（仅占1980个扩增子序列变体的7%），这些细菌受社交接触（通过短程互动的无线传感器量化）的显著影响。我们表明，包括近亲、配偶甚至无关朋友之间的紧密联系在内的大型互动网络，可以显著预测阿格塔营地之间的细菌传播网络。最后，我们表明，在社交网络中处于更中心位置的个体也是细菌超级传播者。我们得出结论，狩猎采集者的社会微生物群主要是致病性的，并且是由广泛社交性和疾病传播之间的进化权衡所塑造的。
