Ethanol-Extracted Acorn Induces Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Human Keratinocyte and Production of Hyaluronic Acid in Human Fibroblasts.

Acorn ( CARR.) has been used in traditional food and medicinal ethnopharmacology in Asia, and it has shown multifarious functions such as antidementia, antiobesity, and antiasthma functions. However, there is limited scientific evidence about the efficacy of acorn for ameliorating skin problems. Treatment with ethanol-extracted acorns (s) ablated the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and interleukin (IL)-8 stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- in human adult low calcium high temperature (HaCaT) cells under sublethal dosages. In addition, treatment with dose dependently inhibited the hyper keratin formation induced by TNF- in HaCaT cells in conjunction with the blockade of cytokeratin-1 (CK-1) and cytokeratin-5 (CK-5) expression. Moreover, treatment stimulated the expression of hyaluronic acid (HA) expression in human fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. Linoleamide was identified as the functional component of using preparative high-performance liquid chromatography and ultra high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry analysis, and the anti-inflammatory features and enhanced HA expression were verified. Collectively, these results suggest the efficacy of supplementation in improving skin problems anti-inflammation and upregulating HA production.