Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region; Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Crop Pest Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, Guiyang, China.
State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
Pest Manag Sci. 2023 Dec;79(12):5250-5259. doi: 10.1002/ps.7730. Epub 2023 Aug 31.
Potato, Solanum tuberosum, is one of the most important food crops in the world, playing a significant role in global food security. However, many potato industries and farms may suffer losses of tuber yield and quality in storage due to lepidopteran pests. Here, we evaluated the effectiveness of an ectoparasitic idiobiont mite Pyemotes zhonghuajia in the biological control of the potato tuber moth (PTM) Phthorimaea operculella by determining the lethal, sublethal (nonconsumptive) and transgenerational effects of P. zhonghuajia of various population densities and exposure durations on PTM survival, development and reproduction.
Pyemotes zhonghuajia females were capable of killing all instar stages of PTM, while resistance to mite parasitism increased with the development of PTM life stage. The mortality of mature larvae (i.e., fourth instar) and pupae increased with increasing mite density and exposure duration. P. zhonghuajia imposed significant negative sublethal impacts on PTM pupation rate, female fecundity and adult longevity but not on immature development. The sublethal stress was transgenerational, resulting in lower reproduction in the offspring generation.
P. zhonghuajia induces lethal, sublethal and transgenerational effects and significantly decreases PTM survival and reproductive out, demonstrating its high efficiency in the biological control of PTM. Our study provides insight into the mechanisms underlying the nonconsumptive effects of parasitism in an ectoparasite-host system and delivers critical information for the design and implementation of augmentative releases of P. zhonghuajia in the biological control of PTM in potato storage. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum）是世界上最重要的粮食作物之一，在全球粮食安全中发挥着重要作用。然而，许多马铃薯产业和农场可能会因鳞翅目害虫而在储存过程中遭受块茎产量和质量的损失。在这里，我们评估了外寄生拟寄生螨 Pyemotes zhonghuajia 对马铃薯块茎蛾（PTM）Phthorimaea operculella 的生物控制效果，方法是确定不同种群密度和暴露时间下 P. zhonghuajia 对 PTM 存活、发育和繁殖的致死、亚致死（非消耗性）和世代间效应。
Pyemotes zhonghuajia 雌螨能够杀死 PTM 的所有龄期，而对螨寄生的抗性随着 PTM 生命阶段的发展而增加。成熟幼虫（即第四龄）和蛹的死亡率随着螨密度和暴露时间的增加而增加。P. zhonghuajia 对 PTM 的化蛹率、雌成虫的繁殖力和成虫的寿命有显著的负亚致死影响，但对幼期发育没有影响。亚致死应激是世代间的，导致后代繁殖力降低。
P. zhonghuajia 诱导致死、亚致死和世代间效应，显著降低 PTM 的存活率和繁殖力，表明其在 PTM 的生物防治中具有高效性。本研究深入了解了外寄生-宿主系统中非消耗性寄生的作用机制，并为设计和实施 P. zhonghuajia 在马铃薯贮藏中对 PTM 的生物防治的补充释放提供了关键信息。© 2023 化学工业协会。
