Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Marília 17525-900, SP, Brazil.
Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Marília 17525-900, SP, Brazil.
Early Hum Dev. 2023 Sep;184:105842. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2023.105842. Epub 2023 Aug 9.
The characterization of the phenotype of children with congenital Zika virus syndrome (CZS) is an ongoing process, since many characteristics can only be described with the advancing age of children providing some insights into the long-term sequelae.
To describe emerging findings on the impact of CZS on language development in children with CZS in a 4-year longitudinal study.
39 boys and 44 girls with CZS were allocated into four groups according to age ranging from 12 to 36 months. Language development was assessed using the Early Language Milestone Scale.
Visual, expressive, and receptive auditory skills of patients were lower than expected for their age. Despite producing vowel sounds, they did not babble; despite present hearing, the majority of the children did not understand simple commands. In over 4 years of follow-up, there was no evolution in language parameters, with the children stagnating at the language skills corresponding to 3 months of age.
Most children with CZS are not able to produce vocalic sounds, but some may be able to communicate basic needs through alternative communication. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS?: Some babies with CZS died prenatally, at birth, or in the first year of life due to associated complications such as respiratory infection, dysphagia, and epilepsy. However, the functionality of the future remains uncertain for surviving babies. This study adds information about the impact of Zika Virus on the central nervous system and, consequently, the severity and complexity of the CZS language. Over 4 years of follow-up, no evolution in language parameters was observed in children with CSZ. Children with CZS demonstrate severe neurodevelopmental impairment, stagnating in language skills at the age of 3 months. In the future, some of them may be able to communicate their basic needs through alternative communication.
先天性寨卡病毒综合征（CZS）患儿表型特征的描述仍在进行中，因为许多特征只有随着患儿年龄的增长才能逐渐显现，从而为了解长期后遗症提供一些线索。
在一项为期 4 年的纵向研究中，描述 CZS 对 CZS 患儿语言发育的影响的新发现。
将 39 名男性和 44 名女性 CZS 患儿按年龄分为 12-36 个月的 4 组。使用早期语言里程碑量表评估语言发育。
患者的视觉、表达和听觉接受能力低于预期年龄。尽管他们能发出元音，但他们不会咿呀学语；尽管听力正常，但大多数孩子听不懂简单的指令。在超过 4 年的随访中，语言参数没有任何变化，患儿的语言能力停滞在相当于 3 个月大的水平。
大多数 CZS 患儿无法发出元音，但有些患儿可能可以通过替代交流来表达基本需求。本研究的新增内容：一些患有 CZS 的婴儿因呼吸感染、吞咽困难和癫痫等相关并发症而在产前、出生时或出生后第一年死亡。然而，幸存婴儿的未来功能仍不确定。本研究增加了寨卡病毒对中枢神经系统的影响的信息，以及 CZS 语言的严重程度和复杂性。在超过 4 年的随访中，CSZ 患儿的语言参数没有任何变化。CZS 患儿表现出严重的神经发育障碍，语言能力停滞在 3 个月大的水平。在未来，他们中的一些人可能可以通过替代交流来表达基本需求。
