Department of Psychology, Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada.
Department of Psychology, Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada; St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada.
Biol Psychol. 2023 Sep;182:108645. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108645. Epub 2023 Aug 16.
Early irritability, a transdiagnostic vulnerability for psychopathology, is associated with alterations in neural reactivity to emotional stimuli and reward; however, associations between childhood irritability and neural markers of risk may be mitigated by the quality of caregiving youth receive. We examined longitudinal relationships between irritability in childhood and young adolescents' neural activity of regions typically associated with emotion regulation and reward processing during processing of maternal feedback and tested whether these associations were moderated by youth's perceptions of the parent-child relationship quality. Eighty-one adolescents (M = 11.1 years) listened to maternal critical and praising feedback while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Age 3 irritability, assessed observationally, was negatively associated with age 11 neural reactivity to maternal criticism in a cluster in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), particularly for youths who reported more positive maternal parenting. Given the role of the dlPFC activation in the effortful processing of emotional stimuli, decreased activation may reflect disengagement from negatively valenced interpersonal feedback in the context of a positive caregiving environment, thereby mitigating psychopathology risk associated with irritability.
早期的易怒，一种跨诊断的精神病理学脆弱性，与情绪刺激和奖励的神经反应改变有关;然而，儿童期易怒和与风险相关的神经标志物之间的关联可能会因青少年所接受的养育质量而得到缓解。我们考察了儿童期易怒与青少年在处理母亲反馈时与情绪调节和奖励处理相关的区域的神经活动之间的纵向关系，并检验了这些关联是否受到青少年对亲子关系质量的看法的调节。81 名青少年(平均年龄 11.1 岁)在接受功能磁共振成像时聆听了母亲的批评和赞扬反馈。通过观察评估的 3 岁时的易怒程度与 11 岁时对母亲批评的大脑右背外侧前额叶皮层(dlPFC)区域的神经反应呈负相关，对于报告更多积极的母亲养育方式的青少年来说，这种关联更为明显。鉴于 dlPFC 激活在情绪刺激的努力处理中的作用，激活减少可能反映了在积极的养育环境中对负面人际反馈的脱离，从而减轻了与易怒相关的精神病理学风险。
