Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China.
Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-Construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Sep;30(43):97578-97590. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-29262-6. Epub 2023 Aug 18.
Global warming will increase the greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes of permafrost regions. However, little is known about the difference in GHG fluxes among different types of permafrost regions. In this study, we used the static opaque chamber and gas chromatography techniques to determine the fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO), methane (CH), and nitrous oxide (NO) in predominantly continuous permafrost (PCP), predominantly continuous and island permafrost (PCIP), and sparsely island permafrost (SIP) regions during the growing season. The main factors causing differences in GHG fluxes among three types of permafrost regions were also analyzed. The results showed mean CO fluxes in SIP were significantly higher than that in PCP and PCIP, which were 342.10 ± 11.46, 105.50 ± 10.65, and 127.15 ± 14.27 mg m h, respectively. This difference was determined by soil temperature, soil moisture, total organic carbon (TOC), nitrate nitrogen (NO-N), and ammonium nitrogen (NH-N) content. Mean CH fluxes were -26.47 ± 48.83 (PCP), 118.35 ± 46.93 (PCIP), and 95.52 ± 32.86 μg m h (SIP). Soil temperature, soil moisture, and TOC content were the key factors to determine whether permafrost regions were CH sources or sinks. Similarly, PCP behaved as the sink of NO, PCIP and SIP behaved as the source of NO. Mean NO fluxes were -3.90 ± 1.71, 0.78 ± 1.55, and 3.78 ± 1.59 μg m h, respectively. Soil moisture and TOC content were the main factors influencing the differences in NO fluxes among the three permafrost regions. This study clarified and explained the differences in GHG fluxes among three types of permafrost regions, providing a data basis for such studies.
全球变暖将增加永久冻土区的温室气体（GHG）通量。然而，对于不同类型的永久冻土区之间 GHG 通量的差异知之甚少。本研究使用静态不透明室和气相色谱技术，在生长季节测定了主要连续永久冻土（PCP）、主要连续和岛状永久冻土（PCIP）和稀疏岛状永久冻土（SIP）地区的二氧化碳（CO）、甲烷（CH）和氧化亚氮（NO）通量。还分析了导致三种类型永久冻土区 GHG 通量差异的主要因素。结果表明，SIP 中的平均 CO 通量明显高于 PCP 和 PCIP，分别为 342.10±11.46、105.50±10.65 和 127.15±14.27 mg m h。这种差异是由土壤温度、土壤水分、总有机碳（TOC）、硝酸盐氮（NO-N）和铵氮（NH-N）含量决定的。平均 CH 通量分别为-26.47±48.83（PCP）、118.35±46.93（PCIP）和 95.52±32.86 μg m h（SIP）。土壤温度、土壤水分和 TOC 含量是决定永久冻土区是 CH 源还是汇的关键因素。同样，PCP 表现为 CH 的汇，PCIP 和 SIP 表现为 CH 的源。平均 NO 通量分别为-3.90±1.71、0.78±1.55 和 3.78±1.59 μg m h。土壤水分和 TOC 含量是影响三种永久冻土区 NO 通量差异的主要因素。本研究阐明并解释了三种类型永久冻土区 GHG 通量的差异，为这类研究提供了数据基础。
